The influence of progesterone-induced proteins on glucose metabolism in early equine embryos.
Abstract: The influence of different maternal plasma progesterone concentrations on embryonic glucose metabolism was studied. Uterine flushes were obtained after treating ovariectomized mares (n = 3) with 0 (control), 100 or 200 mg progesterone daily for 7 d. A group of progesterone-induced proteins (PIP) of Mr approximately 20,000 were identified in flushes from progesterone treatments by SDS-PAGE but were not observed in control flushes. Progesterone-induced proteins were removed from half the pooled flush in each treatment group by Sepharose blue CL-6B. In a 3 x 2 factorial (progesterone treatments, progesterone-induced proteins) experiment, 6 groups of Day 7 equine embryos (n = 6 per group) were incubated in culture media (MEM:DPBS; 1:3) containing radioactively-labeled glucose. Contributions of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP) and the pentose-phosphate pathway (PPP) to the total metabolism of glucose in early equine embryos were assessed separately. In the 200 mg progesterone treatment group, the presence of progesterone-induced proteins in the culture medium resulted in a 4-to 5-fold increase in the activities of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway and the pentose-phosphate pathway. These results lead to the following conclusions: 1)Addition of progesterone-induced uterine proteins from mares with high levels of circulating progesterone enhance the metabolic activities of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway and the pentose-phosphate pathway in Day 7.5 equine embryos in culture. 2)Uterine secretion of progesterone-induced proteins which is quantitatively and/or qualitatively adequate to modify embryonic glucose metabolism in vitro is dependent on a minimal concentration of maternal plasma progesterone.
Publication Date: 1997-01-15 PubMed ID: 16727997DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(97)00003-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research studies how different concentrations of progesterone, a hormone produced by the ovaries, affect glucose metabolism in early horse embryos. The findings show that progesterone-induced proteins positively impact the metabolic pathways involved in glucose breakdown in these embryos and that the secretion of these proteins depends on a minimum concentration of maternal plasma progesterone.
Understanding the Research
- The purpose of this study was to understand how different concentrations of maternal plasma progesterone, a hormone critical in reproduction, influence embryonic glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolism refers to the process by which the body breaks down glucose to generate energy for cellular activities, particularly crucial for embryonic growth and development.
- To simulate different progesterone levels, ovariectomized mares (female horses that had their ovaries removed) were treated with different doses of progesterone (0, 100, or 200 mg) daily for seven days. Accordingly, three groups were designed: control group receiving no progesterone, and two other groups subjected to 100 mg and 200 mg progesterone treatments.
Experimental Procedure
- Uterine flushes (the liquid used to cleanse the uterus) were collected from the mares after the progesterone treatment. These flushes were studied for the presence of proteins induced by progesterone (PIP) of molecular weight approximately 20,000. The PIP were found in the treated groups but not in the control group.
- Inside a laboratory setting, early horse embryos were incubated in specific media containing labeled glucose. The contribution of two main metabolic pathways – the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP) and the pentose-phosphate pathway (PPP) – to glucose metabolism was evaluated separately.
Key Findings
- The presence of progesterone-induced proteins in the culture medium resulted in a significant increase (4-5 times) in the activity of both the Embden-Meyerhof and the pentose-phosphate pathways in the embryos of the 200mg progesterone group. This suggests that these proteins can enhance the rate at which glucose is catabolized or broken down in early horse embryos for energy production.
- The secretion of these progesterone-induced proteins, capable of altering embryonic glucose metabolism, is reliant on a minimum concentration of maternal plasma progesterone. This finding underscores the importance of maintaining adequate progesterone levels for healthy embryonic development.
Cite This Article
APA
Brück I, Anderson GA, Hyland JH.
(1997).
The influence of progesterone-induced proteins on glucose metabolism in early equine embryos.
Theriogenology, 47(2), 441-456.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(97)00003-4 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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