The influence of selected factors and sport results of endurance horses on their saliva cortisol concentration.

The study attempts to understand how certain factors like age, gender, transport time, riding distance, and air temperature during riding influence cortisol levels in Arabian pure breed endurance horses. The research also explores the link between cortisol levels and the sport results of these horses, considering factors such as veterinary parameters and the ride route parameters.

Study Methodology

• The research involved 38 Arabian pure breed horses that participated in endurance rides.
• The cortisol levels of the horses were measured using an enzyme-immunological method on saliva samples. These samples were collected four times from each horse.
• To identify any differences in the mean results, a repeated measures design was used. The researchers also used the Tukey test to determine the significance of the differences between the mean values.
• Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to understand the relationships between the factors being analyzed.

Findings

• The study found that the cortisol level at rest was not affected by any of the factors that were analyzed. However, the most significant influences on the cortisol level were the gender of the horse, the ride distance, and the air temperature during the ride.
• Higher cortisol levels were observed in mares (female horses), horses that covered the longest distances, and horses that ran at the highest temperatures.
• Significant increases in cortisol levels were noted when the ride distance was increased.
• However, the researchers did not find any clear correlation between the activity of the adrenal cortex (part of the body that produces cortisol) and the veterinary parameters at different riding speeds.
• The study did find that a high cortisol concentration can increase a horse’s heart rate, which could be harmful. However, increased cortisol levels can also stimulate the body to fight dehydration.

Significance of the Study

• The results of this study can help in understanding the changes in the physiological parameters of endurance horses, influenced by distinct factors such as gender, air temperature, and riding distance.
• The findings can guide trainers and owners on proper endurance training and management of horses, particularly with managing their cortisol levels and in turn their overall performance in sports.