The pathobiology and repair of tendon and ligament injury.
Abstract: Injury of the collagenous structures comprising tendons and ligaments, either from acute trauma or from repetitive strain lesions, results in protracted periods of disability. The resolution of such injuries often fails to restore the normal morphologic and functional characteristics of the structure and, therefore, either compromises the future performance of the individual or predisposes to an increased risk of recurrent injury.
Publication Date: 1994-08-01 PubMed ID: 7987721DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30359-0Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research article examines the biological processes involved in the injury and repair of tendons and ligaments, as well as the issues that can arise with these processes, owning to prolonged disability and possible re-injury risk.
Understanding Tendon and Ligament Injuries
- To understand the focus and significance of the study, it’s important to note that tendons and ligaments are essential structural components of the body that, when damaged, cause significant impairment and can lead to prolonged periods of disability.
- The injury to these structures could be as a result of acute trauma or from repetitive strain injuries. Such injuries pose a challenge because their healing often fails to restore the original morphology and functionality of the tendons and ligaments.
- The incomplete healing state doesn’t just compromise future performance of the individual, but it also increases the risk of re-injuring the same structure, leading to continued weakened function and possible further disability.
The Pathobiology of Injured Tendons and Ligaments
- The study delves into the pathobiology, or the biological mechanisms of the disease process, when tendons and ligaments sustain injuries. This translates to investigating how the body responds biologically to injuries of the tendons and ligaments.
- Having this knowledge can lead to more precise treatment strategies and preventive measures for patients who have damaged these structures.
Exploring Repair Mechanisms
- The researchers in this study also focus on exploring in detail the body’s various repair mechanisms after the tendons and ligaments have been injured.
- Understanding these mechanisms can be vital for developing more effective therapeutic interventions for the damage of these structures, with the aim to reduce the patient’s recovery time, and prevent future injuries from occurring.
Future Implications
- Should the study succeed in gaining more insight, it could potentially revolutionize how tendon and ligament injuries are understood, treated, and prevented in the future.
- This could also lead to more effective rehabilitation protocols for patients, and improving their quality of life after injury.
Cite This Article
APA
Goodship AE, Birch HL, Wilson AM.
(1994).
The pathobiology and repair of tendon and ligament injury.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 10(2), 323-349.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30359-0 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Horses / injuries
- Ligaments / injuries
- Ligaments / physiology
- Tendon Injuries / physiopathology
- Tendon Injuries / veterinary
- Tendons / anatomy & histology
- Tendons / physiology
- Tendons / ultrastructure
- Wound Healing
Citations
This article has been cited 31 times.- Abdelhakiem MAH, Hussein A, Seleim SM, Abdelbaset AE, Abd-Elkareem M. Silver nanoparticles and platelet-rich fibrin accelerate tendon healing in donkey. Sci Rep 2023 Feb 28;13(1):3421.
- Benage LG, Sweeney JD, Giers MB, Balasubramanian R. Dynamic Load Model Systems of Tendon Inflammation and Mechanobiology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022;10:896336.
- Zielińska P, Soroko M, Godlewska M, Śniegucka K, Dudek K, Howell K. Photothermal Effects of High-Intensity Laser Therapy on the Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon Area in Clinically Healthy Racehorses. Animals (Basel) 2022 May 12;12(10).
- Melotti L, Carolo A, Elshazly N, Boesso F, Da Dalt L, Gabai G, Perazzi A, Iacopetti I, Patruno M. Case Report: Repeated Intralesional Injections of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma for Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon Healing in a Show Jumping Horse. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:843131.
- Gaesser AM, Underwood C, Linardi RL, Even KM, Reef VB, Shetye SS, Mauck RL, King WJ, Engiles JB, Ortved KF. Evaluation of Autologous Protein Solution Injection for Treatment of Superficial Digital Flexor Tendonitis in an Equine Model. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:697551.
- Wagner FC, Reese S, Gerlach K, Böttcher P, Mülling CKW. Cyclic tensile tests of Shetland pony superficial digital flexor tendons (SDFTs) with an optimized cryo-clamp combined with biplanar high-speed fluoroscopy. BMC Vet Res 2021 Jun 25;17(1):223.
- Wagner FC, Gerlach K, Geiger SM, Gittel C, Böttcher P, Mülling CKW. Biplanar High-Speed Fluoroscopy of Pony Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon (SDFT)-An In Vivo Pilot Study. Vet Sci 2021 May 27;8(6).
- Ribitsch I, Baptista PM, Lange-Consiglio A, Melotti L, Patruno M, Jenner F, Schnabl-Feichter E, Dutton LC, Connolly DJ, van Steenbeek FG, Dudhia J, Penning LC. Large Animal Models in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: To Do or Not to Do. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020;8:972.
- Durgam SS, Altmann NN, Coughlin HE, Rollins A, Hostnik LD. Insulin Enhances the In Vitro Osteogenic Capacity of Flexor Tendon-Derived Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019;2019:1602751.
- Li Y, Wu B, Qiu Z, Liang D, Liu H, Zhong M, Xu J, Chen K, Feng W, Li H, Peng L, Ouyang K, Zhu W, Lu W, Wang D. [A correlation study between the Mohawk expression level and the collagen fiber diameter of hamstring tendon graft after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Sep 15;33(9):1095-1101.
- Spargoli G. TREATMENT OF ROTATOR CUFF TENDINOPATHY AS A CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION. A CLINICAL COMMENTARY. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2019 Feb;14(1):148-158.
- Spargoli G. SUPRASPINATUS TENDON PATHOMECHANICS: A CURRENT CONCEPTS REVIEW. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2018 Dec;13(6):1083-1094.
- Aicale R, Tarantino D, Maffulli N. Overuse injuries in sport: a comprehensive overview. J Orthop Surg Res 2018 Dec 5;13(1):309.
- Lipman K, Wang C, Ting K, Soo C, Zheng Z. Tendinopathy: injury, repair, and current exploration. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018;12:591-603.
- Alzola R, Easter C, Riggs CM, Gardner DS, Freeman SL. Ultrasonographic-based predictive factors influencing successful return to racing after superficial digital flexor tendon injuries in flat racehorses: A retrospective cohort study in 469 Thoroughbred racehorses in Hong Kong. Equine Vet J 2018 Sep;50(5):602-608.
- Geburek F, Roggel F, van Schie HTM, Beineke A, Estrada R, Weber K, Hellige M, Rohn K, Jagodzinski M, Welke B, Hurschler C, Conrad S, Skutella T, van de Lest C, van Weeren R, Stadler PM. Effect of single intralesional treatment of surgically induced equine superficial digital flexor tendon core lesions with adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: a controlled experimental trial. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017 Jun 5;8(1):129.
- Zhang Q, Ge H, Jiang Y, Cheng B, Zhou D, Xu N. Microarray profiling analysis of long non-coding RNAs expression in tendinopathy: identification for potential biomarkers and mechanisms. Int J Exp Pathol 2015 Dec;96(6):387-94.
- Thomopoulos S, Parks WC, Rifkin DB, Derwin KA. Mechanisms of tendon injury and repair. J Orthop Res 2015 Jun;33(6):832-9.
- Kihara R, Kasashima Y, Arai K, Miyamoto Y. Injury induces a change in the functional characteristics of cells recovered from equine tendon. J Equine Sci 2011;22(3):57-60.
- Factor D, Dale B. Current concepts of rotator cuff tendinopathy. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014 Apr;9(2):274-88.
- Rich T, Henderson LB, Becker DL, Cornell H, Patterson-Kane JC. Indicators of replicative damage in equine tendon fibroblast monolayers. BMC Vet Res 2013 Sep 11;9:180.
- Filomeno P, Dayan V, Touriño C. Stem cell research and clinical development in tendon repair. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2012 Jul;2(3):204-11.
- Södersten F, Hultenby K, Heinegård D, Johnston C, Ekman S. Immunolocalization of collagens (I and III) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the normal and injured equine superficial digital flexor tendon. Connect Tissue Res 2013;54(1):62-9.
- Ieong E, Afolayan J, Carne A, Solan M. Ultrasound scanning for recalcitrant plantar fasciopathy. Basis of a new classification. Skeletal Radiol 2013 Mar;42(3):393-8.
- Stanley RL, Fleck RA, Becker DL, Goodship AE, Ralphs JR, Patterson-Kane JC. Gap junction protein expression and cellularity: comparison of immature and adult equine digital tendons. J Anat 2007 Sep;211(3):325-34.
- Clegg PD, Strassburg S, Smith RK. Cell phenotypic variation in normal and damaged tendons. Int J Exp Pathol 2007 Aug;88(4):227-35.
- Bestwick CS, Maffulli N. Reactive oxygen species and tendinopathy: do they matter?. Br J Sports Med 2004 Dec;38(6):672-4.
- Jaschke M, Kolodziej L, Huebotter C, Hennecke T, Koppe D, Wilk A. An overview in tendon's physiology, pathomorphology, and treatment options. Cell Tissue Res 2026 Feb 10;403(2):17.
- Choi Y, Parkin T. Risk factors for superficial digital flexor tendinopathy in Thoroughbred racehorses in South Korea (2015-2019). Equine Vet J 2026 Jan;58(1):31-39.
- Liang W, Zhou C, Deng Y, Fu L, Zhao J, Long H, Ming W, Shang J, Zeng B. The current status of various preclinical therapeutic approaches for tendon repair. Ann Med 2024 Dec;56(1):2337871.
- Altmann N, Bowlby C, Coughlin H, Belacic Z, Sullivan S, Durgam S. Interleukin-6 upregulates extracellular matrix gene expression and transforming growth factor β1 activity of tendon progenitor cells. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023 Nov 22;24(1):907.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists