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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Surg / Thyrohyoideus muscle innervation in the horse.
Veterinary surgery : VS2020; 50(1); 53-61; doi: 10.1111/vsu.13536

Thyrohyoideus muscle innervation in the horse.

Abstract: To describe the innervation of the thyrohyoideus (TH) muscle and to confirm our findings with stimulation of first cervical (C1) nerve branches. Methods: Ex vivo phase 1 and clinical phase 2. Methods: Fourteen head and neck specimens and 17 client-owned horses. Methods: In phase 1, the cranial nerve (CN) XII and the C1 nerve were dissected with their branches in 20 dissections were performed on 14 specimens (6 left and right side and 8 only left or right) Anatomy was noted. Samples of nerve bifurcations were collected for histological confirmation of anatomical findings. First cervical nerve branches were stimulated in horses undergoing cervical nerve graft to treat laryngeal hemiplegia. Results: The nerve innervating the TH muscle arose directly from the C1 nerve in 17 of 20 dissections, from an anastomotic branch between CN XII and the C1 nerve in two of 20 dissections, and from the C1 nerve and the anastomotic branch in one of 20 dissections. No direct connection between the TH muscle and CN XII was found. Histological examination revealed that the anastomosis was composed of C1 nerve fibers passing over to CN XII. First cervical stimulation resulted in TH muscle contraction in 16 of 17 horses. Conclusions: The innervation of the TH muscle originated from the C1 nerve according to dissection, histological, and conduction studies, with variation in the branching pattern. Conclusions: Care should be taken to preserve the C1 nerve during prosthetic laryngoplasty. The surgical technique for C1 nerve grafts should be reconsidered in light of these findings, along with new options to treat dorsal displacement of the soft palate..
© 2020 American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-06 PubMed ID: 33155732DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13536Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates the nerve supply (innervation) of a specific muscle in horses called the thyrohyoideus muscle. Through combined laboratory and clinical trials, the authors find that the first cervical (neck) nerve is primarily responsible for controlling this muscle and this finding has implications for surgical interventions for laryngeal paralysis in horses.

Research Methodology

  • The study comprises of two stages. The first phase involved examining dissected specimens of horse head and neck to understand nerve organization and distribution. A total of 14 specimens were used for this phase.
  • Histological examination, a technique that involves microscopic examination of tissue sections, was used to verify anatomical findings. This helped identify the finer details of nerve branches and connections.
  • The second phase was clinical and involved 17 horses. In this, the researchers stimulated the first cervical nerve branches in horses that were being treated for laryngeal hemiplegia, a condition characterized by laryngeal muscle paralysis.

Research Findings

  • In the larger majority of the dissections (17 out of 20), the nerve controlling the thyrohyoideus muscle was found to emanate directly from the first cervical nerve.
  • For a few dissections, the control came from a combined branch involving both cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal nerve) and the first cervical nerve. However, in none of the cases was there a direct link between the thyrohyoideus muscle and Cranial Nerve XII.
  • Upon microscopic examination, the combined nerves were found to comprise nerve fibers from the first cervical nerve crossing over to the hypoglossal nerve.
  • When the cervical nerve was artificially stimulated during treatment of laryngeal hemiplegia, the thyrohyoideus muscle contracted in 16 out of 17 horses, further validating the initial findings from dissections.

Conclusion and Implications

  • The researchers concluded that the innervation of the thyrohyoideus muscle primarily emanated from the first cervical nerve, albeit with variations in the nerve branching pattern.
  • This understanding is crucial for surgical interventions involving the neck, such as prosthetic laryngoplasty, where it is important to preserve the first cervical nerve.
  • This new understanding of nerve connections also suggests a reconsideration of the surgical technique for grafting the first cervical nerve, and identifying new options to treat dorsal displacement of the soft palate in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Genton M, Robert C, Jerbi H, Huet H, Cordonnier N, Vitte-Rossignol A, Perkins JD, Rossignol F. (2020). Thyrohyoideus muscle innervation in the horse. Vet Surg, 50(1), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13536

Publication

Veterinary surgery : VS
ISSN: 1532-950X
NlmUniqueID: 8113214
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 50
Issue: 1
Pages: 53-61

Researcher Affiliations

Genton, Martin
  • Clinique vétérinaire de Grosbois, Boissy-St-Léger, France.
  • Ecole Nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Robert, Celine
  • Ecole Nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Jerbi, Hassen
  • Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet - Université de la Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Huet, Hélène
  • Ecole Nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Cordonnier, Nathalie
  • Ecole Nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Vitte-Rossignol, Amelie
  • Clinique vétérinaire de Grosbois, Boissy-St-Léger, France.
Perkins, Justin D
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, United Kingdom.
Rossignol, Fabrice
  • Clinique vétérinaire de Grosbois, Boissy-St-Léger, France.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cadaver
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / surgery
  • Horses / anatomy & histology
  • Laryngoplasty / veterinary
  • Male
  • Neck Muscles / innervation
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / surgery
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / veterinary

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This article includes 25 references
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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Cassiers V, McNally T. Technique description and outcome evaluation of Thoroughbred racehorses following soft palate thermocautery performed under standing sedation. Vet Med Sci 2024 Sep;10(5):e70018.
    doi: 10.1002/vms3.70018pubmed: 39285763google scholar: lookup
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