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Tropical animal health and production2021; 53(5); 475; doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02887-w

Tick-borne zoonotic agents infecting horses from an urban area in Midwestern Brazil: epidemiological and hematological features.

Abstract: The emergence of tick-borne diseases has been reported as a serious problem in public health worldwide and many aspects of its epidemiology and effects on the health of its hosts are unclear. We aimed to perform an epidemiological study of tick-borne zoonotic Rickettsia, Borrelia, and Anaplasmataceae in horses from Midwestern Brazil. We also evaluated whether Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae may be associated with hematological disorders in the sampled animals. Blood and serum samples as well as ticks were collected from 262 horses. Serum samples were used to perform serological tests, and hematological analyses were made using whole blood. Furthermore, DNA extracted from whole blood and ticks was used for molecular tests. Campo Grande is enzootic for tick-borne studied bacteria, since we found an overall exposure of 59.9% of the sampled horses, 28.7% of them presented co-exposure. Seropositivity rates of 20.6% for Borrelia spp., 25.6% for Rickettsia spp., and 31.6% for Anaplasmataceae were found in the sampled horses. Considering both molecular and serological tests for Borrelia spp., the infection rate was 48.0% (126/262). None of the tested horses showed molecular positivity for Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The horses sampled displayed 7.2% of parasitism by ixodid ticks in single and coinfestations. We did not find DNA of any studied bacteria in the sampled ticks. Positive horses for Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae agents displayed leukopenia, monocytopenia, and lymphopenia. Together, our results suggest that horses may play a role as sentinel host for zoonotic bacteria and Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae agents can impair the health of horses.
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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Publication Date: 2021-09-22 PubMed ID: 34553290PubMed Central: PMC8457776DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02887-wGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focused on the study of tick-borne zoonotic diseases in horses from an urban area in Midwestern Brazil and their potential impact on the horses’ blood parameters. Specifically, it investigated the presence and impact of Rickettsia, Borrelia, and Anaplasmataceae infections in the horses, and suggested that these diseases may contribute to hematological disorders in horses.

Epidemiological Study

  • The primary objective of the study was to conduct an in-depth epidemiological analysis of Rickettsia, Borrelia, and Anaplasmataceae infections in horses living in Midwestern Brazil.
  • In order to accomplish this, the research team collected blood and serum samples as well as ticks from 262 horses.
  • These samples were subsequently subjected to a number of serological and molecular tests. The goal of each test was to detect the presence and quantify the prevalence of each tick-borne bacterium under investigation.

Findings: Prevalence of Infections

  • Based on the study’s findings, tick-borne diseases are prevalent within the horse population of this Brazilian region, with almost 60% of the sampled horses showing exposure to these diseases.
  • Furthermore, the seropositivity rates – the rate at which the tested horses were found to have developed antibodies against the bacteria – were quite significant. For instance, 20.6% of horses had antibodies against Borrelia spp., 25.6% against Rickettsia spp., and 31.6% against Anaplasmataceae.
  • If both serological and molecular tests for Borrelia spp. are taken into account, the infection rate among the horses was 48%. However, none of the horses exhibited molecular positivity for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a species under the Anaplasmataceae family.

Impact on Hematology

  • Furthermore, the study observed a link between infection with Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae and certain hematological disorders, including leukopenia, monocytopenia, and lymphopenia. These are conditions characterized by lower than normal levels of certain types of white blood cells and can suggest immune system dysfunction.
  • The researchers were unable to find any bacterial DNA within the tick samples, suggesting that further studies may need to investigate the vectors of these diseases.

Implications

  • Given these findings, the study suggests that horses may serve as a key source of information, acting as a sentinel host for these zoonotic bacteria. Not only can they help with surveillance and early detection of these diseases among animal populations, but they can also warn about potential risks to human health.
  • Beyond this, the research also indicates that Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae agents can negatively impact the health of horses, further emphasizing the need for effective control and prevention measures.

Cite This Article

APA
Campos JBV, Martins FS, de Oliveira CE, Taveira AA, Oliveira JR, Gonçalves LR, Cordeiro MD, Calchi AC, de Campos Binder L, Serpa MCA, Barbieri ARM, Labruna MB, Machado RZ, de Andrade GB, André MR, Herrera HM. (2021). Tick-borne zoonotic agents infecting horses from an urban area in Midwestern Brazil: epidemiological and hematological features. Trop Anim Health Prod, 53(5), 475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02887-w

Publication

Tropical animal health and production
ISSN: 1573-7438
NlmUniqueID: 1277355
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 5
Pages: 475

Researcher Affiliations

Campos, João Bosco Vilela
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
Martins, Filipe Santos
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil. filipemsantos@outlook.com.
de Oliveira, Carina Elisei
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
Taveira, Amanda Alves
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
Oliveira, João Roberto de
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo
  • Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cordeiro, Matheus Dias
  • Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, University Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Calchi, Ana Claudia
  • Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
de Campos Binder, Lina
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Serpa, Maria Carolina de Azevedo
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Barbieri, Amália Regina Mar
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Labruna, Marcelo B
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Machado, Rosangela Zacarias
  • Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
de Andrade, Gisele Braziliano
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
André, Marcos Rogério
  • Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Herrera, Heitor Miraglia
  • Laboratory Insana Huna, Interface Between Animal, Environmental and Human Health, Department of Biosaúde, University Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil. filipemsantos@outlook.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Borrelia
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horses
  • Ixodes
  • Rickettsia
  • Tick-Borne Diseases / epidemiology
  • Tick-Borne Diseases / veterinary

Grant Funding

  • 308768/2017-5 / conselho nacional de desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico
  • 302420 / 2017-7 / conselho nacional de desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico
  • 59/300.187/2016 / fundação de apoio ao desenvolvimento do ensino, ciência e tecnologia do estado de mato grosso do sul
  • 59/300.187/2016 / fundação de amparo à pesquisa do estado de são paulo

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Labruna MB, Faccini-Martínez ÁA, Muñoz-Leal S, Szabó MPJ, Angerami RN. Lyme borreliosis in Brazil: a critical review on the Baggio-Yoshinari syndrome (Brazilian Lyme-like disease). Clin Microbiol Rev 2024 Dec 10;37(4):e0009724.
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  2. Perles L, Barreto WTG, de Macedo GC, Calchi AC, Bezerra-Santos M, Mendoza-Roldan JA, Otranto D, Herrera HM, Barros-Battesti DM, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular detection of Babesia spp. and Rickettsia spp. in coatis (Nasua nasua) and associated ticks from midwestern Brazil. Parasitol Res 2023 May;122(5):1151-1158.
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  3. Campos JBV, Martins FS, Macedo GC, Barreto WTG, Oliveira CE, Barbieri ARM, Labruna MB, Oliveira-Santos LGR, Herrera HM. Serological exposure of spotted fever group Rickettsia in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from urban parks in Campo Grande, Brazilian Midwest. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022;55:e0192.
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