Tissue engineering in wound repair: the three “R”s–repair, replace, regenerate.
Abstract: Horses are predisposed to traumatic wounds that can be labor intensive and expensive to manage. Skin has a considerable potential for efficient and functional repair however, while cutaneous repair is a regenerative process in the fetus, this capability declines in late gestation as inflammation and scarring alter the outcome of healing. The historical gold standard for replacement of lost skin is the autologous skin graft. However, the horse's lack of redundant donor skin limits the practicality of full-thickness grafting to smaller wounds; moreover, graft failure is relatively common in equine patients as a result of infection, inflammation, fluid accumulation beneath the graft, and motion. Tissue engineering has emerged as an interdisciplinary field with the aim to regenerate new biological material for replacing diseased or damaged tissues or organs. In the case of skin, the ultimate goal is to rapidly create a construct that effects the complete regeneration of functional skin, including all its layers and appendages. Moreover, an operational vascular and nervous network, with scar-free integration within the surrounding host tissue, is desirable. For this to be achieved, not only is an appropriate source of cells required, but also a scaffold designed from natural or synthetic polymers. The newly created tissue might finally meet the numerous needs and expectations of practitioners and surgeons managing a catastrophic wound in a horse.
Publication Date: 2009-12-19 PubMed ID: 20017846DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2009.00585.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research focuses on exploring the potential of tissue engineering in boosting the healing process in horses suffering from traumatic wounds. Taking into account the limitations of traditional methods like autologous skin grafts, the researchers are looking into regenerating new biological material as a solution, ultimately aiming to create functional skin, inclusive of all layers and intricacies.
Tissue Engineering in Wound Repair
- This research aims to advance the healing process in horses by focusing on the ‘three Rs’ of wound care – repair, replace, and regenerate. By using tissue engineering to create new biological material, the authors hope to circumvent common problems faced in healing equine wounds.
The Problems of Traditional Wound Healing Methods
- The conventional approach to healing wounds in horses involves autologous skin grafting. However, these grafts often fail in equine patients due to various issues like infection and inflammation, accumulation of fluid under the graft and motion.
- Another significant limitation in this context is the horse’s lack of redundant donor skin, which makes grafting full-thickness skin practical only for smaller wounds.
Advantages of Tissue Engineering
- Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that brings together various domains to create biological material to replace diseased or damaged tissues or organs.
- With respect to skin, the ultimate goal of tissue engineering would be to construct skin that regenerates fully, inclusive of all layers and appendages.
- An effective tissue substitute would also need an operational vascular and nervous network that seamlessly integrates with the surrounding host tissue, without causing scarring.
Challenges and Requirements
- To successfully engineer an appropriate tissue substitute, it’s essential to have an appropriate source of cells and a carefully designed scaffold, which could be made out of natural or synthetic polymers.
- If such tissue could be engineered successfully, it would address a variety of needs and expectations of practitioners and surgeons dealing with catastrophic wounds in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Theoret C.
(2009).
Tissue engineering in wound repair: the three “R”s–repair, replace, regenerate.
Vet Surg, 38(8), 905-913.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2009.00585.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada. christine.theoret@umontreal.ca
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Dermatologic Surgical Procedures
- Guided Tissue Regeneration / veterinary
- Horses / surgery
- Skin Transplantation / veterinary
- Skin, Artificial / veterinary
- Surgery, Veterinary / methods
- Tissue Engineering / veterinary
- Tissue Scaffolds / veterinary
- Wound Healing
References
This article includes 60 references
Citations
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