Toe-out conformation in thoroughbred horses in Sudan.

The study focuses on the incidence of forelimb deformity, particularly the toe-out stance, in thoroughbred horses in Sudan. It argues that the syndrome is largely due to the fine, dry sand used as flooring in the stables and paddocks, leading to a call for changes in flooring materials and more opportunities for natural exercise.

Forelimb Deformity in Thoroughbreds in Sudan

• The researchers have been investigating the unusually high instances of forelimb deformity in thoroughbred horses in Sudan.
• This deformity, described as sand-bedding syndrome, begins showing in foals approximately one month old and continues to progress as they grow.
• Most of these horses are found around Khartoum and receive high levels of care, however, the young often suffer injuries attributable to this poor conformation.
• This deformity alters their gait, often leading to injuries and presenting challenges for farriers particularly in balancing the feet.

Cause of Deformity

• The major factor leading to the sand-bedding syndrome is identified as the fine, dry sand used in stables and paddocks.
• This sand is at least 20 cm deep and often deeper and covers both the indoor stables and the outdoor areas young horses can access.
• Horses’ feet sink into the sand making them continually alter their positions, which further exacerbates the deformation.
• Contrastingly, native breeds reared on compacted rough sand or soil and having better exercise opportunities typically do not exhibit these abnormalities.

Proposed Solutions

• It is recommended that thoroughbred foals be kept on firmer surfaces from an early age and have more opportunities for natural exercise.
• A concrete base in stables with sawdust bedding or a much thinner layer of fine sand (no more than 4 cm in depth) could be satisfactory alternatives.
• The research team also seeks input from anyone who has encountered similar situations where limb deformity has been related to the composition of stable flooring.