FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
International journal of molecular sciences2022; 23(12); 6506; doi: 10.3390/ijms23126506

Tracking the Molecular Scenarios for Tumorigenic Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix Based on Gene Expression Profiling in Equine Skin Neoplasia Models.

Abstract: An important component of tissues is the extracellular matrix (ECM), which not only forms a tissue scaffold, but also provides the environment for numerous biochemical reactions. Its composition is strictly regulated, and any irregularities can result in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Sarcoid is the most common skin cancer in equids. Its formation results from the presence of the genetic material of the bovine papillomavirus (BPV). In addition, it is assumed that sarcoid-dependent oncogenic transformation arises from a disturbed wound healing process, which may be due to the incorrect functioning of the ECM. Moreover, sarcoid is characterized by a failure to metastasize. Therefore, in this study we decided to investigate the differences in the expression profiles of genes related not only to ECM remodeling, but also to the cell adhesion pathway, in order to estimate the influence of disturbances within the ECM on the sarcoid formation process. Furthermore, we conducted comparative research not only between equine sarcoid tissue bioptates and healthy skin-derived explants, but also between dermal fibroblast cell lines transfected and non-transfected with a construct encoding the E4 protein of the BP virus, in order to determine its effect on ECM disorders. The obtained results strongly support the hypothesis that ECM-related genes are correlated with sarcoid formation. The deregulated expression of selected genes was shown in both equine sarcoid tissue bioptates and adult cutaneous fibroblast cell (ACFC) lines neoplastically transformed by nucleofection with gene constructs encoding BPV1-E1^E4 protein. The identified genes (, , and ) were up- or down-regulated, which pinpointed the phenotypic differences from the backgrounds noticed for adequate expression profiles in other cancerous or noncancerous tumors as reported in the available literature data. Unravelling the molecular pathways of ECM remodeling and cell adhesion in the in vivo and ex vivo models of epidermal/dermal sarcoid-related cancerogenesis might provide powerful tools for further investigations of genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for both silencing and re-initiating the processes of sarcoid-dependent neoplasia. Recognizing those biomarkers might insightfully explain the relatively high capacity of sarcoid-descended cancerous cell derivatives to epigenomically reprogram their nonmalignant neoplastic status in domestic horse cloned embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2022-06-10 PubMed ID: 35742950PubMed Central: PMC9223705DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126506Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on understanding the molecular changes in the extracellular matrix that contribute to the development of sarcoid, a common skin cancer in horses, with the aim of identifying possible genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for this disease.

Background and Aim

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an integral part of tissues, contributing not just to its structure but also facilitating various biochemical processes. Any changes or ‘disturbances’ in its normal functioning can lead to diseases, including cancer.
  • Sarcoid is the most prevalent skin cancer found in equids, or horses. The cause of this cancer is believed to be the presence of genetic material from bovine papillomavirus (BPV).
  • The researchers aimed to study the alterations in gene expression related to the ECM’s function and cell adhesion, and how these disturbances might contribute to sarcoid formation.

Methodology

  • The researchers conducted comparative studies using tissue samples from equine sarcoid and healthy horse skin.
  • They also compared dermal fibroblast cell lines that were either transfected (expressing BP virus protein) and non-transfected to discern the impact of the BPV on ECM function.

Findings

  • The study found strong evidence supporting the hypothesis that discrepancies in ECM-related genes contribute significantly to the formation of sarcoid.
  • Genes such as COL1A1 CHI3L1, ADAMTS1, THBS2 and LOX were found to be deregulated in both equine sarcoid tissues and transfected fibroblast cells, suggesting these genes’ critical role in the onset of sarcoid.

Implications

  • This research helps unravel the molecular pathways involved in the remodeling of ECM and alterations in cell adhesion, contributing to sarcoid development in horses.
  • Understanding these processes could lead to the identification of genetic and epigenetic biomarkers that can potentially aid in better diagnosis and treatment of sarcoid.
  • Such biomarkers could help explain why sarcoid cells have a high capacity to epigenetically modify and maintain a non-malignant status in cloned horse embryos produced through somatic cell nuclear transfer.

Cite This Article

APA
Podstawski P, Ropka-Molik K, Semik-Gurgul E, Samiec M, Skrzyszowska M, Podstawski Z, Szmatoła T, Witkowski M, Pawlina-Tyszko K. (2022). Tracking the Molecular Scenarios for Tumorigenic Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix Based on Gene Expression Profiling in Equine Skin Neoplasia Models. Int J Mol Sci, 23(12), 6506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126506

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 23
Issue: 12
PII: 6506

Researcher Affiliations

Podstawski, Przemysław
  • Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
Ropka-Molik, Katarzyna
  • Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.
Semik-Gurgul, Ewelina
  • Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.
Samiec, Marcin
  • Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.
Skrzyszowska, Maria
  • Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.
Podstawski, Zenon
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
Szmatoła, Tomasz
  • Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.
  • Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Rędzina 1c Street, 30-248 Kraków, Poland.
Witkowski, Maciej
  • Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-AU, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
  • Horse Clinic Służewiec, Puławska 266 Street, 02-684 Warsaw, Poland.
Pawlina-Tyszko, Klaudia
  • Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 Street, Balice, 32-083 Kraków, Poland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Bovine papillomavirus 1 / genetics
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horses / genetics
  • Papillomavirus Infections
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Skin Diseases
  • Skin Neoplasms / genetics
  • Skin Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Skin Neoplasms / veterinary

Grant Funding

  • DI2016 012746 / Ministry of Science and Higher Education
  • 04-19-11-21 / National Research Institute of Animal Production

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

References

This article includes 55 references
  1. Frantz C, Stewart KM, Weaver VM. The extracellular matrix at a glance.. J Cell Sci 2010 Dec 15;123(Pt 24):4195-200.
    doi: 10.1242/jcs.023820pmc: PMC2995612pubmed: 21123617google scholar: lookup
  2. Bonnans C, Chou J, Werb Z. Remodelling the extracellular matrix in development and disease.. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014 Dec;15(12):786-801.
    doi: 10.1038/nrm3904pmc: PMC4316204pubmed: 25415508google scholar: lookup
  3. Järveläinen H, Sainio A, Koulu M, Wight TN, Penttinen R. Extracellular matrix molecules: potential targets in pharmacotherapy.. Pharmacol Rev 2009 Jun;61(2):198-223.
    doi: 10.1124/pr.109.001289pmc: PMC2830117pubmed: 19549927google scholar: lookup
  4. Knottenbelt DC. A Suggested Clinical Classification for the Equine Sarcoid.. Clin. Tech. Equine Pract. 2005;4:278–295.
    doi: 10.1053/j.ctep.2005.10.008google scholar: lookup
  5. Yuan Z, Gallagher A, Gault EA, Campo MS, Nasir L. Bovine papillomavirus infection in equine sarcoids and in bovine bladder cancers.. Vet J 2007 Nov;174(3):599-604.
    doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.10.012pubmed: 17150387google scholar: lookup
  6. Haralambus R, Burgstaller J, Klukowska-Rötzler J, Steinborn R, Buchinger S, Gerber V, Brandt S. Intralesional bovine papillomavirus DNA loads reflect severity of equine sarcoid disease.. Equine Vet J 2010 May;42(4):327-31.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00078.xpubmed: 20525051google scholar: lookup
  7. Taylor SD, Toth B, Baseler LJ, Charney VA, Miller MA. Lack of Correlation Between Papillomaviral DNA in Surgical Margins and Recurrence of Equine Sarcoids.. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 2014;34:722–725.
    doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.12.012google scholar: lookup
  8. Nasir L, Reid SW. Bovine papillomaviral gene expression in equine sarcoid tumours.. Virus Res 1999 Jun;61(2):171-5.
    doi: 10.1016/S0168-1702(99)00022-2pubmed: 10475087google scholar: lookup
  9. Bogaert L, Martens A, Van Poucke M, Ducatelle R, De Cock H, Dewulf J, De Baere C, Peelman L, Gasthuys F. High prevalence of bovine papillomaviral DNA in the normal skin of equine sarcoid-affected and healthy horses.. Vet Microbiol 2008 May 25;129(1-2):58-68.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.008pubmed: 18093754google scholar: lookup
  10. Yuan ZQ, Gault EA, Gobeil P, Nixon C, Campo MS, Nasir L. Establishment and characterization of equine fibroblast cell lines transformed in vivo and in vitro by BPV-1: model systems for equine sarcoids.. Virology 2008 Apr 10;373(2):352-61.
    doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.11.037pubmed: 18191170google scholar: lookup
  11. Bogaert L, Martens A, Kast WM, Van Marck E, De Cock H. Bovine papillomavirus DNA can be detected in keratinocytes of equine sarcoid tumors.. Vet Microbiol 2010 Dec 15;146(3-4):269-75.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.032pubmed: 21095508google scholar: lookup
  12. Rector A, Van Ranst M. Animal papillomaviruses.. Virology 2013 Oct;445(1-2):213-23.
    doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.05.007pubmed: 23711385google scholar: lookup
  13. Bogaert L, Martens A, De Baere C, Gasthuys F. Detection of bovine papillomavirus DNA on the normal skin and in the habitual surroundings of horses with and without equine sarcoids.. Res Vet Sci 2005 Dec;79(3):253-8.
    doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.12.003pubmed: 16054896google scholar: lookup
  14. Martano M, Corteggio A, Restucci B, De Biase ME, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Extracellular matrix remodeling in equine sarcoid: an immunohistochemical and molecular study.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Feb 2;12:24.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0648-1pmc: PMC4736642pubmed: 26838095google scholar: lookup
  15. . KEGG PATHWAY Database.. .
  16. . Venny 2.1.0.. .
  17. . R: The R Project for Statistical Computing.. .
  18. . STRING: Functional Protein Association Networks.. .
  19. To WS, Midwood KS. Plasma and cellular fibronectin: distinct and independent functions during tissue repair.. Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair 2011 Sep 16;4:21.
    doi: 10.1186/1755-1536-4-21pmc: PMC3182887pubmed: 21923916google scholar: lookup
  20. Pereira M, Rybarczyk BJ, Odrljin TM, Hocking DC, Sottile J, Simpson-Haidaris PJ. The incorporation of fibrinogen into extracellular matrix is dependent on active assembly of a fibronectin matrix.. J Cell Sci 2002 Feb 1;115(Pt 3):609-17.
    doi: 10.1242/jcs.115.3.609pubmed: 11861767google scholar: lookup
  21. Sottile J, Hocking DC. Fibronectin polymerization regulates the composition and stability of extracellular matrix fibrils and cell-matrix adhesions.. Mol Biol Cell 2002 Oct;13(10):3546-59.
    doi: 10.1091/mbc.e02-01-0048pmc: PMC129965pubmed: 12388756google scholar: lookup
  22. Dallas SL, Sivakumar P, Jones CJ, Chen Q, Peters DM, Mosher DF, Humphries MJ, Kielty CM. Fibronectin regulates latent transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) by controlling matrix assembly of latent TGF beta-binding protein-1.. J Biol Chem 2005 May 13;280(19):18871-80.
    doi: 10.1074/jbc.M410762200pubmed: 15677465google scholar: lookup
  23. Lin TC, Yang CH, Cheng LH, Chang WT, Lin YR, Cheng HC. Fibronectin in Cancer: Friend or Foe.. Cells 2019 Dec 20;9(1).
    doi: 10.3390/cells9010027pmc: PMC7016990pubmed: 31861892google scholar: lookup
  24. Sun Y, Zhao C, Ye Y, Wang Z, He Y, Li Y, Mao H. High expression of fibronectin 1 indicates poor prognosis in gastric cancer.. Oncol Lett 2020 Jan;19(1):93-102.
    doi: 10.3892/ol.2019.11088pmc: PMC6923922pubmed: 31897119google scholar: lookup
  25. Nam JM, Onodera Y, Bissell MJ, Park CC. Breast cancer cells in three-dimensional culture display an enhanced radioresponse after coordinate targeting of integrin alpha5beta1 and fibronectin.. Cancer Res 2010 Jul 1;70(13):5238-48.
    doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-2319pmc: PMC2933183pubmed: 20516121google scholar: lookup
  26. Geng QS, Huang T, Li LF, Shen ZB, Xue WH, Zhao J. Over-Expression and Prognostic Significance of FN1, Correlating With Immune Infiltrates in Thyroid Cancer.. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021;8:812278.
    doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.812278pmc: PMC8818687pubmed: 35141255google scholar: lookup
  27. Dong Y, Ma WM, Yang W, Hao L, Zhang SQ, Fang K, Hu CH, Zhang QJ, Shi ZD, Zhang WD, Fan T, Xia T, Han CH. Identification of C3 and FN1 as potential biomarkers associated with progression and prognosis for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.. BMC Cancer 2021 Oct 23;21(1):1135.
    doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-08818-0pmc: PMC8539775pubmed: 34688260google scholar: lookup
  28. Bao H, Huo Q, Yuan Q, Xu C. Fibronectin 1: A Potential Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer.. Dis Markers 2021;2021:5561651.
    doi: 10.1155/2021/5561651pmc: PMC8164534pubmed: 34093898google scholar: lookup
  29. Soikkeli J, Podlasz P, Yin M, Nummela P, Jahkola T, Virolainen S, Krogerus L, Heikkilä P, von Smitten K, Saksela O, Hölttä E. Metastatic outgrowth encompasses COL-I, FN1, and POSTN up-regulation and assembly to fibrillar networks regulating cell adhesion, migration, and growth.. Am J Pathol 2010 Jul;177(1):387-403.
    doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090748pmc: PMC2893681pubmed: 20489157google scholar: lookup
  30. Wang J, Deng L, Huang J, Cai R, Zhu X, Liu F, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zheng Y. High expression of Fibronectin 1 suppresses apoptosis through the NF-κB pathway and is associated with migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.. Am J Transl Res 2017;9(10):4502-4511.
    pmc: PMC5666059pubmed: 29118912
  31. Podstawski P, Ropka-Molik K, Semik-Gurgul E, Samiec M, Skrzyszowska M, Podstawski Z, Szmatoła T, Witkowski M, Pawlina-Tyszko K. Assessment of BPV-1 Mediated Matrix Metalloproteinase Genes Deregulation in the In Vivo and In Vitro Models Designed to Explore Molecular Nature of Equine Sarcoids.. Cells 2022 Apr 8;11(8).
    doi: 10.3390/cells11081268pmc: PMC9025493pubmed: 35455948google scholar: lookup
  32. Pasello M, Manara MC, Scotlandi K. CD99 at the crossroads of physiology and pathology.. J Cell Commun Signal 2018 Mar;12(1):55-68.
    doi: 10.1007/s12079-017-0445-zpmc: PMC5842202pubmed: 29305692google scholar: lookup
  33. Seol HJ, Chang JH, Yamamoto J, Romagnuolo R, Suh Y, Weeks A, Agnihotri S, Smith CA, Rutka JT. Overexpression of CD99 Increases the Migration and Invasiveness of Human Malignant Glioma Cells.. Genes Cancer 2012 Sep;3(9-10):535-49.
    doi: 10.1177/1947601912473603pmc: PMC3591096pubmed: 23486730google scholar: lookup
  34. Manara MC, Bernard G, Lollini PL, Nanni P, Zuntini M, Landuzzi L, Benini S, Lattanzi G, Sciandra M, Serra M, Colombo MP, Bernard A, Picci P, Scotlandi K. CD99 acts as an oncosuppressor in osteosarcoma.. Mol Biol Cell 2006 Apr;17(4):1910-21.
    doi: 10.1091/mbc.e05-10-0971pmc: PMC1415319pubmed: 16421247google scholar: lookup
  35. Mateos-Quiros CM, Garrido-Jimenez S, Álvarez-Hernán G, Diaz-Chamorro S, Barrera-Lopez JF, Francisco-Morcillo J, Roman AC, Centeno F, Carvajal-Gonzalez JM. Junctional Adhesion Molecule 3 Expression in the Mouse Airway Epithelium Is Linked to Multiciliated Cells.. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:622515.
    doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622515pmc: PMC8355548pubmed: 34395412google scholar: lookup
  36. Li X, Yin A, Zhang W, Zhao F, Lv J, Lv J, Sun J. Jam3 promotes migration and suppresses apoptosis of renal carcinoma cell lines.. Int J Mol Med 2018 Nov;42(5):2923-2929.
    doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3854pubmed: 30226554google scholar: lookup
  37. Arias-Garcia M, Rickman R, Sero J, Yuan Y, Bakal C. The Cell-Cell Adhesion Protein JAM3 Determines Nuclear Deformability by Regulating Microtubule Organization.. bioRxiv 2020.
    doi: 10.1101/689737google scholar: lookup
  38. Liu QZ, Gao XH, Chang WJ, Gong HF, Fu CG, Zhang W, Cao GW. Expression of ITGB1 predicts prognosis in colorectal cancer: a large prospective study based on tissue microarray.. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015;8(10):12802-10.
    pmc: PMC4680415pubmed: 26722470
  39. Sharma R, Sharma R, Khaket TP, Dutta C, Chakraborty B, Mukherjee TK. Breast cancer metastasis: Putative therapeutic role of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017 Jun;40(3):199-208.
    doi: 10.1007/s13402-017-0324-xpubmed: 28534212google scholar: lookup
  40. Kong DH, Kim YK, Kim MR, Jang JH, Lee S. Emerging Roles of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in Immunological Disorders and Cancer.. Int J Mol Sci 2018 Apr 2;19(4).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms19041057pmc: PMC5979609pubmed: 29614819google scholar: lookup
  41. Vallat JM, Nizon M, Magee A, Isidor B, Magy L, Péréon Y, Richard L, Ouvrier R, Cogné B, Devaux J, Zuchner S, Mathis S. Contactin-Associated Protein 1 (CNTNAP1) Mutations Induce Characteristic Lesions of the Paranodal Region.. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2016 Dec 1;75(12):1155-1159.
    doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw093pmc: PMC6394372pubmed: 27818385google scholar: lookup
  42. Li W, Meng X, Yuan H, Xiao W, Zhang X. M2-polarization-related CNTNAP1 gene might be a novel immunotherapeutic target and biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.. IUBMB Life 2022 May;74(5):391-407.
    doi: 10.1002/iub.2596pubmed: 35023290google scholar: lookup
  43. Ascenzi F, De Vitis C, Maugeri-Saccà M, Napoli C, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy.. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021 Aug 24;40(1):265.
    doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6pmc: PMC8383407pubmed: 34429143google scholar: lookup
  44. Wang C, Shi M, Ji J, Cai Q, Zhao Q, Jiang J, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Zhang J. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) facilitates the growth and anti-ferroptosis of gastric cancer cells and predicts poor prognosis of gastric cancer.. Aging (Albany NY) 2020 Jul 29;12(15):15374-15391.
    doi: 10.18632/aging.103598pmc: PMC7467382pubmed: 32726752google scholar: lookup
  45. Luis G, Godfroid A, Nishiumi S, Cimino J, Blacher S, Maquoi E, Wery C, Collignon A, Longuespée R, Montero-Ruiz L, Dassoul I, Maloujahmoum N, Pottier C, Mazzucchelli G, Depauw E, Bellahcène A, Yoshida M, Noel A, Sounni NE. Tumor resistance to ferroptosis driven by Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 (SCD1) in cancer cells and Fatty Acid Biding Protein-4 (FABP4) in tumor microenvironment promote tumor recurrence.. Redox Biol 2021 Jul;43:102006.
    doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102006pmc: PMC8163990pubmed: 34030117google scholar: lookup
  46. Li H, Gao J, Zhang S. Functional and Clinical Characteristics of Cell Adhesion Molecule CADM1 in Cancer.. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:714298.
    doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714298pmc: PMC8361327pubmed: 34395444google scholar: lookup
  47. Sawada Y, Mashima E, Saito-Sasaki N, Nakamura M. The Role of Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CADM1) in Cutaneous Malignancies.. Int J Mol Sci 2020 Dec 20;21(24).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms21249732pmc: PMC7766610pubmed: 33419290google scholar: lookup
  48. Hartsough EJ, Weiss MB, Heilman SA, Purwin TJ, Kugel CH 3rd, Rosenbaum SR, Erkes DA, Tiago M, HooKim K, Chervoneva I, Aplin AE. CADM1 is a TWIST1-regulated suppressor of invasion and survival.. Cell Death Dis 2019 Mar 25;10(4):281.
    doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1515-3pmc: PMC6433918pubmed: 30911007google scholar: lookup
  49. Yen CY, Huang CY, Hou MF, Yang YH, Chang CH, Huang HW, Chen CH, Chang HW. Evaluating the performance of fibronectin 1 (FN1), integrin α4β1 (ITGA4), syndecan-2 (SDC2), and glycoprotein CD44 as the potential biomarkers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).. Biomarkers 2013 Feb;18(1):63-72.
    doi: 10.3109/1354750X.2012.737025pubmed: 23116545google scholar: lookup
  50. Semik E, Gurgul A, Ząbek T, Ropka-Molik K, Koch C, Mählmann K, Bugno-Poniewierska M. Transcriptome analysis of equine sarcoids.. Vet Comp Oncol 2017 Dec;15(4):1370-1381.
    doi: 10.1111/vco.12279pubmed: 27779365google scholar: lookup
  51. . DAVID Functional Annotation Bioinformatics Microarray Analysis.. .
  52. Podstawski P, Samiec M, Skrzyszowska M, Szmatoła T, Semik-Gurgul E, Ropka-Molik K. The Induced Expression of BPV E4 Gene in Equine Adult Dermal Fibroblast Cells as a Potential Model of Skin Sarcoid-like Neoplasia.. Int J Mol Sci 2022 Feb 10;23(4).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms23041970pmc: PMC8877312pubmed: 35216085google scholar: lookup
  53. Tomasek JJ, Haaksma CJ, Eddy RJ, Vaughan MB. Fibroblast contraction occurs on release of tension in attached collagen lattices: dependency on an organized actin cytoskeleton and serum.. Anat Rec 1992 Mar;232(3):359-68.
    doi: 10.1002/ar.1092320305pubmed: 1543260google scholar: lookup
  54. Bogaert L, Van Poucke M, De Baere C, Peelman L, Gasthuys F, Martens A. Selection of a set of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in normal equine skin and in equine sarcoids.. BMC Biotechnol 2006 Apr 27;6:24.
    doi: 10.1186/1472-6750-6-24pmc: PMC1484482pubmed: 16643647google scholar: lookup
  55. Pfaffl MW. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR.. Nucleic Acids Res 2001 May 1;29(9):e45.
    doi: 10.1093/nar/29.9.e45pmc: PMC55695pubmed: 11328886google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Semik-Gurgul E, Gurgul A, Szmatoła T. Transcriptome and methylome sequencing reveals altered long non-coding RNA genes expression and their aberrant DNA methylation in equine sarcoids. Funct Integr Genomics 2023 Aug 8;23(3):268.
    doi: 10.1007/s10142-023-01200-2pubmed: 37552338google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,970 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.