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Microorganisms2023; 11(4); 1016; doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11041016

Tracking the Source of Human Q Fever from a Southern French Village: Sentinel Animals and Environmental Reservoir.

Abstract: , also known as the causal agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic pathogen infecting humans and several animal species. Here, we investigated the epidemiological context of from an area in the Hérault department in southern France, using the One Health paradigm. In total, 13 human cases of Q fever were diagnosed over the last three years in an area comprising four villages. Serological and molecular investigations conducted on the representative animal population, as well as wind data, indicated that some of the recent cases are likely to have originated from a sheepfold, which revealed bacterial contamination and a seroprevalence of 47.6%. However, the clear-cut origin of human cases cannot be ruled out in the absence of molecular data from the patients. Multi-spacer typing based on dual barcoding nanopore sequencing highlighted the occurrence of a new genotype of . In addition, the environmental contamination appeared to be widespread across a perimeter of 6 km due to local wind activity, according to the seroprevalence detected in dogs (12.6%) and horses (8.49%) in the surrounding populations. These findings were helpful in describing the extent of the exposed area and thus supporting the use of dogs and horses as valuable sentinel indicators for monitoring Q fever. The present data clearly highlighted that the epidemiological surveillance of Q fever should be reinforced and improved.
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Publication Date: 2023-04-13 PubMed ID: 37110439PubMed Central: PMC10142994DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041016Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study examines the cause and spread of Q fever disease in several villages in Southern France, proposing the use of dogs and horses as sentinel indicators for monitoring and enhancing epidemiological surveillance.

Objective of the Study

  • This research aims to investigate the Q fever outbreak in a particular region in Southern France, involving 13 human cases over a span of three years. Researchers used various methods such as molecular and serological investigations on the representative animal population to track the source of the infection.

Methods & Findings

  • Based on the study, wind data and animal investigations suggested that a local sheepfold might be the initial source of the outbreak. The sheepfold showed bacterial contamination and a high seroprevalence of 47.6%, indicating a substantial presence of the disease-causing agent Coxiella burnetii.
  • However, researchers were unable to confirm this without additional molecular data from the human patients infected with Q fever.
  • The study used a technique called multi-spacer typing and dual barcoding nanopore sequencing which revealed a new genotype of Coxiella burnetii. This discovery suggests a previously unidentified strain involved in the outbreak.
  • Researchers found widespread environmental contamination within a 6-km radius, influenced by local wind activity. Dogs and horses in the area showed a seroprevalence of 12.6% and 8.49% respectively, indicating their exposure to Coxiella burnetii.

Implications

  • The high seroprevalence in dogs and horses was helpful in identifying the extent of the infected area. This serves as an indication that these animals can act as valuable sentinel markers for monitoring the spread of Q fever.
  • The findings of the study underscored the need for improved and reinforced epidemiological surveillance of Q fever in the region and potentially in similar settings where the disease is present.

Limitations

  • The study’s primary limitation was the absence of molecular data from human patients, which hindered the unequivocal identification of the disease source.

Cite This Article

APA
Laidoudi Y, Rousset E, Dessimoulie AS, Prigent M, Raptopoulo A, Huteau Q, Chabbert E, Navarro C, Fournier PE, Davoust B. (2023). Tracking the Source of Human Q Fever from a Southern French Village: Sentinel Animals and Environmental Reservoir. Microorganisms, 11(4), 1016. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11041016

Publication

Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
NlmUniqueID: 101625893
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 4
PII: 1016

Researcher Affiliations

Laidoudi, Younes
  • Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
Rousset, Elodie
  • ANSES, Laboratoire de Sophia Antipolis, Unité fièvre Q animale, 06902 Sophia Antipolis, France.
Dessimoulie, Anne-Sophie
  • Clinique Vétérinaire des 4 Chemins, 34110 Vic-la-Gardiole, France.
Prigent, Myriam
  • ANSES, Laboratoire de Sophia Antipolis, Unité fièvre Q animale, 06902 Sophia Antipolis, France.
Raptopoulo, Alizée
  • ANSES, Laboratoire de Sophia Antipolis, Unité fièvre Q animale, 06902 Sophia Antipolis, France.
Huteau, Quentin
  • Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
Chabbert, Elisabeth
  • Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales Biomed 34, 34110 Mireval, France.
Navarro, Catherine
  • Cabinet Médical, 34110 Vic-la-Gardiole, France.
Fournier, Pierre-Edouard
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
  • Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005 Marseille, France.
  • Centre National de Référence Rickettsies, Bartonella et Coxiella, 13005 Marseille, France.
Davoust, Bernard
  • Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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