Transcriptional analysis of equine λ-light chains in the horse breeds Rhenish-German Coldblood and Hanoverian Warmblood.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research investigates the genes related to equine λ-light chain in two horse breeds– Rhenish-German Coldblood and Hanoverian Warmblood, to understand the differentiation and gene expressions between the breeds. The notable finding included variations in the IGLV and IGLC genes.
Detailed Explanation
The researchers concentrated on equine λ-light chain genes, called IGLV and IGLC, in the two mentioned horse breeds. To perform this, they generated primers for IGLV subgroup 8.
- The observation led to a significant majority of the sequences representing IGLC6/7.
- Upon analyzing Rhenish-German Coldblood (RGC), they found that IGLC1 and IGLC5 appeared at significantly higher frequencies compared to IGLC4.
- Contrasting this, in Hanoverian Warmblood (HW), the researchers noticed noteworthy differences for the transcription of IGLC1 and IGLC5. Interestingly, IGLC4 was not found in the Hanoverian Warmblood breed.
A keen observation in the gene isolation led to the identification of several gene variants:
- Five allotypic IGLC1 variants, four allotypic IGLC5 variants, and three allelic and two allotypic IGLC6/7 variants were determined.
- IGLC1(b, d), IGLC5(c, d), and IGLC6/7(a3, b) were detected in RGC, whereas, IGLC1(c) and IGLC5(b) were only found in HW breed.
Furthermore, a total of 144 known IGLV-segments were transcribed, including a significant preference for IGLV15 and IGLV17. The nature of breeding seems to have influence on IGLV25, as it showed significant rearrangement differences between the breeds.
In addition to live segments, pseudogenes, which are segments of DNA that resemble functional genes but are generally nonfunctional, were also discovered. These included IGLV101ψ and IGLV74ψ. Analysis of these genes with the IGLC-genes showed significant differences for IGLV15 in both breeds.
In conclusion, the study found a notable difference in the transcriptional orientation of the functional segments, which did not influence the occurrence of the IGLV between horse breeds. Hence, the data from this analysis provides notable insights into equine genetics and breed differentiation.
Cite This Article
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Georg-August University Göttingen Burckhardtweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. stefanie.hara@t-online.de
MeSH Terms
- Alleles
- Animals
- Genes, Immunoglobulin Light Chain / genetics
- Horses / genetics
- Horses / immunology
- Immunoglobulin Allotypes / genetics
- Immunoglobulin Allotypes / immunology
- Immunoglobulin Constant Regions / genetics
- Immunoglobulin Constant Regions / immunology
- Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / genetics
- Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / immunology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Sequence Analysis, DNA / veterinary
- Species Specificity
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Langreder N, Schäckermann D, Meier D, Becker M, Schubert M, Dübel S, Reinard T, Figge-Wegener S, Roßbach K, Bäumer W, Ladel S, Hust M. Development of an inhibiting antibody against equine interleukin 5 to treat insect bite hypersensitivity of horses. Sci Rep 2023 Mar 10;13(1):4029.
- Tallmadge RL, Wang M, Sun Q, Felippe MJB. Transcriptome analysis of immune genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of young foals and adult horses. PLoS One 2018;13(9):e0202646.
- Martin J, Ponstingl H, Lefranc MP, Archer J, Sargan D, Bradley A. Comprehensive annotation and evolutionary insights into the canine (Canis lupus familiaris) antigen receptor loci. Immunogenetics 2018 Apr;70(4):223-236.
- Prieto JMB, Tallmadge RL, Felippe MJB. Developmental expression of B cell molecules in equine lymphoid tissues. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017 Jan;183:60-71.
- Battista JM, Tallmadge RL, Stokol T, Felippe MJ. Hematopoiesis in the equine fetal liver suggests immune preparedness. Immunogenetics 2014 Nov;66(11):635-49.
- Tallmadge RL, Tseng CT, Felippe MJ. Diversity of immunoglobulin lambda light chain gene usage over developmental stages in the horse. Dev Comp Immunol 2014 Oct;46(2):171-9.
