Twin reduction in the mare: current options.

The research article is about the study of strategies for twin reduction in pregnant mares, due to the economic loss they cause, with transrectal ultrasonographic detection and manual crush being the most successful method.

Overview

The paper discusses the issue of twin pregnancies in mares and the economic loss associated with this occurrence. It then presents various options for managing this situation, with a focus on early detection and manual crush of one of the twin embryos being cited as the most effective.

Twin Pregnancy in Mares and Associated Economic Loss

• The paper begins by highlighting the problem of twin pregnancies in mares. This situation can lead to a number of complications, including potential harm to the mare and the loss of both foals, which can result in significant economic loss.
• Twin pregnancies are problematic because mares are not physiologically equipped to successfully carry and deliver twin foals. This can cause complications, such as premature birth, which can threaten the survival of the foals and the health of the mare.

Methods for Managing Equine Twins

• The research indicates that the best method for managing equine twins is early transrectal ultrasonographic detection and manual crush of one embryonic vesicle. This allows one of the twins to develop normally while preventing the complications associated with twin pregnancies.
• The success rate of this method is reported to be around 90%, pointing to its effectiveness. However, the process requires skill and knowledge, as incorrect execution could harm the remaining embryo.

Alternative Twin Reduction Techniques for Advanced Gestation

• The paper also explores options for twin pregnancies that are detected after 25 days of gestation. At this stage, an ultrasound-guided approach can be employed.
• Two such techniques are discussed: transcutaneous and transvaginal. However, the success rates for these procedures are significantly lower, at 50% and 20% respectively. Though, these methods provide alternatives when the primary method is no longer viable due to the advanced stage of gestation.