Type A Influenza Virus Detection from Horses by Real-Time RT-qPCR and Insulated Isothermal RT-PCR.
Abstract: Equine influenza (EI) is a highly contagious disease of horses caused by the equine influenza virus (EIV) H3N8 subtype. EI is the most important respiratory virus infection of horses and can disrupt major equestrian events and cause significant economic losses to the equine industry worldwide. Influenza H3N8 virus spreads rapidly in susceptible horses and can result in very high morbidity within 24-48 h after exposure to the virus. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis of EI is critical for implementation of prevention and control measures to avoid the spread of EIV and to reduce the economic impact of the disease. The probe-based real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays targeting various EIV genes are reported to be highly sensitive and specific compared to the Directigen Flu-A test and virus isolation in embryonated hens' eggs. Recently, a TaqMan probe-based insulated isothermal RT-PCR (iiRT-PCR) assay for the detection of EIV H3N8 subtype has been described. These molecular-based diagnostic assays provide a fast and reliable means of EIV detection and disease surveillance.
Publication Date: 2020-03-15 PubMed ID: 32170704DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0346-8_29Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Surveillance
- Economics
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Equine Science
- H3N8
- Infectious Disease
- Influenza
- Molecular biology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Real-Time PCR
- Respiratory Disease
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virology
- Virus
Summary
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The research paper discusses the use of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and insulated isothermal RT-PCR (iiRT-PCR), advanced diagnostic techniques, in detecting the equine influenza virus (EIV) H3N8 subtype. Equine influenza, a highly contagious disease faced by horses, is a considerable burden to the worldwide horse industry, and necessitates quick and precise diagnosis for prevention and control.
Background on Equine Influenza
- Equine Influenza (EI) is a highly contagious disease that affects horses. It’s caused by the equine influenza virus (EIV) subtype H3N8.
- As a critical respiratory virus affecting horses, EI can destabilize significant equestrian events and cause significant economic losses across the global equine industry.
- The H3N8 strain of the influenza virus spreads rapidly among susceptible horses and can result in high levels of illness within 24-48 hours following viral exposure.
The Importance of Fast and Precise Diagnosis
- The research underlines the importance of fast and accurate diagnosis of EI to implement crucial prevention and control measures, helping control the spread of EIV and minimize the disease’s economic impact.
- The probe-based real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays that target various EIV genes have been deemed highly sensitive and specific, compared to the Directigen Flu-A test and virus isolation in embryonated hens’ eggs.
- Recently, a new type of test, a TaqMan probe-based insulated isothermal RT-PCR (iiRT-PCR), has been proposed for detecting the EIV H3N8 subtype.
The Role of Molecular-Based Diagnostic Assays
- The paper stresses the role of these advanced, molecular-based diagnostic assays as they offer a quick and reliable means of detecting EIV.
- In addition to identifying the presence of the virus, these tests play a significant role in disease surveillance, helping monitor EIV’s spread and inform further prevention measures.
Cite This Article
APA
Balasuriya UBR.
(2020).
Type A Influenza Virus Detection from Horses by Real-Time RT-qPCR and Insulated Isothermal RT-PCR.
Methods Mol Biol, 2123, 383-392.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0346-8_29 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. balasuriya1@lsu.edu.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses / virology
- Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / isolation & purification
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Alnaeem A, Shawaf T, Ali AM, Hemida MG. Clinical observations and molecular detection of Type-A influenza virus in some of the family Equidae in eastern Saudi Arabia winter-2019.. Vet Res Commun 2021 Dec;45(4):423-430.
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