Ultrastructural characteristics and immune profile of equine MSCs from fetal adnexa.
Abstract: Both in human and equine species, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from amniotic membrane (AM) and Wharton's jelly (WJ), may be particularly useful for immediate use or in later stages of life, after cryopreservation in cell bank. The aim of this study was to compare equine AM- and WJ-MSCs features that may be relevant for their clinical employment. MSCs were more easily isolated from WJ, even if MSCs derived from AM exhibited more rapid proliferation ( < 0.05). Osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation were more prominent in MSCs derived from WJ. This is also suggested by the lower adhesion of AM cells, demonstrated by the greater volume of spheroids after hanging drop culture ( < 0.05). Data obtained by PCR confirmed the immunosuppressive function of AM and WJ-MSCs and the presence of active genes specific for anti-inflammatory and angiogenic factors (IL-6, IL 8, IL-β1). For the first time, by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we ascertained that equine WJ-MSCs constitutively contain a very impressive number of large vesicular structures, scattered throughout the cytoplasm. Moreover, an abundant extracellular fibrillar matrix was located in the intercellular spaces among WJ-MSCs. Data recorded in this study reveal that MSCs from different fetal tissues have different characteristics that may drive their therapeutic use. These finding could be noteworthy for horses as well as for other mammalian species, including humans.
© 2017 Society for Reproduction and Fertility.
Publication Date: 2017-07-21 PubMed ID: 28733347DOI: 10.1530/REP-17-0032Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research study explores the characteristics and potential therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the amniotic membrane (AM) and Wharton’s jelly (WJ) in horses. The research reveals that each source of MSCs possesses distinctive features that could influence their therapeutic use in the future.
Isolation and Proliferation of MSCs
- The researchers aimed to compare the properties of equine AM- and WJ-MSCs which could impact their clinical applications.
- The process of isolation was easier with WJ-MSCs. However, AM-MSCs displayed quicker proliferation.
Cell Differentiation and Adhesion
- Comparatively, WJ-MSCs showed more pronounced osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, indicating their potential use in bone and cartilage regeneration therapies.
- AM-MSCs demonstrated lower levels of adhesion as evidenced by larger spheroids observed after hanging drop culture.
Immunosuppressive Function and Active Gene Expression
- The findings from PCR analysis confirmed the immunosuppressive nature of both AM and WJ-MSCs.
- Both types of MSCs expressed genes associated with anti-inflammatory and angiogenic factors – IL-6, IL 8, IL-β1. This suggests their potential application in controlling inflammation and promoting blood vessel formation.
Ultrastructural Characteristics of WJ-MSCs
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study the ultrastructural details of WJ-MSCs.
- WJ-MSCs were found to have a large number of vesicular structures dispersed within their cytoplasm.
- An abundant extracellular fibrillar matrix was observed in the intercellular spaces among WJ-MSCs.
Implications of the Study
- The study provides valuable insights into the differences between MSCs obtained from different fetal tissues. This could potentially influence their therapeutic application in regenerative medicine.
- While the study was conducted on equine (horse) cells, the findings might have broader implications for other mammalian species, including humans.
- The acquired knowledge could support the development of cell banks for storing these MSCs for immediate use or at later stages of life following cryopreservation.
Cite This Article
APA
Iacono E, Pascucci L, Rossi B, Bazzucchi C, Lanci A, Ceccoli M, Merlo B.
(2017).
Ultrastructural characteristics and immune profile of equine MSCs from fetal adnexa.
Reproduction, 154(4), 509-519.
https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-17-0032 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Medical SciencesUniversity of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy eleonora.iacono2@unibo.it.
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical SciencesUniversity of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical SciencesUniversity of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical SciencesUniversity of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical SciencesUniversity of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Amnion / cytology
- Angiogenic Proteins / metabolism
- Animals
- Biomarkers / metabolism
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Microenvironment
- Chondrogenesis
- Cytokines / metabolism
- Female
- Horses
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / immunology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / ultrastructure
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Osteogenesis
- Phenotype
- Wharton Jelly / cytology
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Jiang L, Lu J, Chen Y, Lyu K, Long L, Wang X, Liu T, Li S. Mesenchymal stem cells: An efficient cell therapy for tendon repair (Review).. Int J Mol Med 2023 Aug;52(2).
- Iacono E, Merlo B. Stem Cells in Domestic Animals: Applications in Health and Production.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Oct 13;12(20).
- Iacono E, Lanci A, Gugole P, Merlo B. Shipping Temperature, Time and Media Effects on Equine Wharton's Jelly and Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Characteristics.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Aug 3;12(15).
- Iacono E, Marcoccia R, Merlo B. Current Status on Canine Foetal Fluid and Adnexa Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jul 30;11(8).
- Meeremans M, Van de Walle GR, Van Vlierberghe S, De Schauwer C. The Lack of a Representative Tendinopathy Model Hampers Fundamental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research.. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:651164.
- Merlo B, Teti G, Lanci A, Burk J, Mazzotti E, Falconi M, Iacono E. Comparison between adult and foetal adnexa derived equine post-natal mesenchymal stem cells.. BMC Vet Res 2019 Aug 2;15(1):277.
- Lanci A, Merlo B, Mariella J, Castagnetti C, Iacono E. Heterologous Wharton's Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Application on a Large Chronic Skin Wound in a 6-Month-Old Filly.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:9.
- Iacono E, Pascucci L, Bazzucchi C, Cunto M, Ricci F, Rossi B, Merlo B. Could hypoxia influence basic biological properties and ultrastructural features of adult canine mesenchymal stem /stromal cells?. Vet Res Commun 2018 Dec;42(4):297-308.
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