Update on exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.
Abstract: Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) is an important disease of horses that perform high-intensity athletic activity. EIPH is an ongoing concern for the racing industry because of its high prevalence; potential impact on performance; welfare concerns; and use of prophylactic medications, such as furosemide, on race day. During the last 10 years, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors for EIPH and the impact of the disease on performance and career. This article summarizes the most recent advances in EIPH.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2015-03-15 PubMed ID: 25770069DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2014.11.011Google Scholar: Lookup
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This research article provides an update on the progress made in the last decade in understanding exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH), a common, performance-inhibiting disease in horses, including its causes, risk factors, and effects on performance and career longevity.
Understanding Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH)
The article focuses on EIPH, a significant health issue affecting horses, especially those involved in intensive athletic activities. EIPH is often associated with high-intensity athletic activities, such as racing, where the horse may suffer a hemorrhage within the lungs due to the extreme pressures generated during exercise.
The Prevalence of EIPH in the Racing Industry
- The research underscores that EIPH is highly prevalent in the racing industry, making it a concern for the sector.
- This prevalence is alarming because of the possible impact on a horse’s athletic performance and overall welfare.
- Furthermore, the widespread use of prophylactic medications on race day, such as furosemide, is highlighted, suggesting a reactive approach to EIPH within the industry.
Progress in Understanding EIPH in the Last Decade
The research studies conducted over the past decade have resulted in significant progress in the understanding of EIPH. The article summarizes these advancements, which include:
- An improved understanding about the pathogenesis, or development, of EIPH. This new knowledge about the disease’s progression may lead to improved preventive measures or treatments.
- Identification of risk factors for EIPH, which might allow for tailored preventive approaches for horses at high-risk.
- Insight into the disease’s impact on performance and career longevity of horses, highlighting the long-term repercussions of EIPH on a horse’s athletic capabilities and commercial viability.
This collective research about EIPH could help in the creation of effective prevention and treatment strategies, thereby leading to healthier career spans for athletic horses and a safer racing industry.
Cite This Article
APA
Sullivan S, Hinchcliff K.
(2015).
Update on exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 31(1), 187-198.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2014.11.011 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Centre, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princess Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia. Electronic address: staceyls@unimelb.edu.au.
- Equine Centre, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princess Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Hemorrhage / etiology
- Hemorrhage / physiopathology
- Hemorrhage / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Lung Diseases / etiology
- Lung Diseases / physiopathology
- Lung Diseases / veterinary
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / adverse effects
Citations
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- Rocchigiani G, Verin R, Uzal FA, Singer ER, Pregel P, Ressel L, Ricci E. Pulmonary bleeding in racehorses: A gross, histologic, and ultrastructural comparison of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage and exercise-associated fatal pulmonary hemorrhage. Vet Pathol 2022 Nov;59(6):973-982.
- Rogers CJ, Harman RJ, Bunnell BA, Schreiber MA, Xiang C, Wang FS, Santidrian AF, Minev BR. Rationale for the clinical use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for COVID-19 patients. J Transl Med 2020 May 18;18(1):203.
- Lopez Sanchez CM, Kogan C, Gold JR, Sellon DC, Bayly WM. Relationship between tracheobronchoscopic score and bronchoalveolar lavage red blood cell numbers in the diagnosis of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Jan;34(1):322-329.
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- Poole DC, Erickson HH. Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage: where are we now?. Vet Med (Auckl) 2016;7:133-148.
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- Gold JR, Knowles DP, Coffey T, Bayly WM. Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in barrel racing horses in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Mar;32(2):839-845.
- da Silva KM, Otaka JNP, Gonçalves CAP, Silva EGA, de Alencar NX, Lessa DAB. Association between exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage and inflammatory airway disease in polo ponies. J Equine Sci 2017;28(2):55-59.
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- Bozzola C, Sala G, Stancari G, Ferrucci F, Zucca E. Comparison Between Tracheal Wash and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology for the Assessment of Airway Inflammation in Racehorses Affected by Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage. Animals (Basel) 2025 Sep 5;15(17).
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