Use of a minimally invasive fasciotomy technique for treatment of antebrachial compartment syndrome in two horses.

This research discusses the diagnosis and treatment of severe, unilateral forelimb lameness (specifically antebrachial compartment syndrome, a rare condition) in two horses, using a minimally invasive fasciotomy technique. Both horses were able to bear weight on the affected limb immediately after the procedure and, despite minor complications, recovered fully and returned to their normal activities.

Introduction

• The article starts by presenting the clinical signs and symptoms exhibited by two horses, both of whom showed an acute onset of severe unilateral forelimb lameness, an inability to bear weight on the affected forelimb, and a dropped elbow appearance.

Diagnosis

• Several possible conditions such as radial nerve paralysis, triceps myopathy, and fractures of the humerus and ulna were ruled out.
• The firmness of the caudal aspect of the affected antebrachium of each horse, particularly when weight was placed upon it, was noted.
• Ultrasonographic examination revealed swelling and possible internal bleeding in the posterior antebrachial muscles.
• Combining clinical examination and diagnostic imaging findings, both horses were diagnosed with antebrachial compartment syndrome.
• Despite attempts at medical treatment, the lameness in either horse did not significantly improve.

Treatment

• The horses underwent a minimally invasive procedure known as caudal antebrachial fasciotomy.
• After sedating the horses and administering local anesthesia, a bistoury knife was employed through small incisions to carry out the fasciotomy.
• The horses were kept conscious and upright throughout the procedure and, immediately post-operation, were able to bear weight on their affected forelimbs without visible discomfort.

Summary of Findings

• Post-operative complications were minor: horse one developed colitis and horse two had a mild infection near the surgical incision. Both horses, however, fully recovered and resumed their prior activities.
• The research concludes that antebrachial compartment syndrome, though a rare cause of severe unilateral forelimb lameness, should be considered as a possible diagnosis in cases presenting a dropped elbow appearance.
• The outcomes also suggest, that antebrachial fasciotomy is a viable and effective treatment for such cases.