FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J Suppl / Use of biochemical parameters to predict metabolic eliminati...
Equine veterinary journal. Supplement2011; (38); 142-146; doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00238.x

Use of biochemical parameters to predict metabolic elimination in endurance rides.

Abstract: Endurance races are the competition with the biggest metabolic demands for the sport horse. During races, some horses show homeostasis alterations, having repercussions in diverse biochemical parameters and negative consequences on performance and health. Objective: To evaluate the utility of biochemical analysis in the early diagnosis of metabolic stress and to determine cut-off values of biochemical parameters to assist in the prevention of metabolic alterations in endurance horses. Methods: This study involved 36 CEI races and 283 horses (41 eliminated because of metabolic disturbances). Blood samples were taken before competition, after the vet-gates and after finishing the race or veterinary disqualification. Packed cell volume (PCV), activities of CK, AST and LDH, and concentrations of total plasma proteins (PP), urea, creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA) and plasma lactate were determined. Successful horses were compared with horses eliminated due to metabolic conditions in the values obtained in the phase prior to being removed from the competition. Factors associated with metabolic elimination were further analysed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Dichotomisation for each variable was made using the receiver-operating characteristic curve to enter into the model. Results: PCV > 52%, PP > 82 g/l, standardised Cr > 30 mg/l 100 km, UA > 72 mg/l, standardised CK > 12.6 ui/l km and standardised AST > 6.2 ui/l km were associated with the development of metabolic alterations. Of the horses with an imbalance between PCV and PP, 30% had metabolic elimination in the following phases. Muscle enzymes and Cr were directly related to the distance covered. Conclusions: Selected biochemical markers are evident in some endurance horses before their elimination. However, most horses developed metabolic disturbances without any important alterations in the variables determined in this study. Conclusions: Analysis of selected plasma biochemical parameters could be useful in the prevention and early diagnosis of metabolic stress in endurance horses.
© 2010 EVJ Ltd.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2011-05-27 PubMed ID: 21058996DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00238.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This article presents a study that evaluates the use of biochemical analysis for early detection of metabolic stress in endurance horses. By studying specific biochemical parameters, the researchers aim to determine indicators that could aid in preventing metabolic alterations that adversely affect the horse’s performance and health.

Study Methodology

  • The study incorporated 36 CEI races and involved 283 horses in total. Out of these, 41 were eliminated due to metabolic disturbances.
  • Blood samples were taken at various stages of the competition: before the race, after vet-gates, and after the race was finished or upon veterinary disqualification.
  • The biochemical parameters taken into account included Packed cell volume (PCV), activities of CK, AST and LDH, and concentrations of plasma proteins (PP), urea, creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA) and plasma lactate.
  • The researchers compared the successful horses with those that were eliminated due to metabolic conditions. The comparison was based on values obtained in the phase right before the elimination from the competition.
  • A multiple logistic regression analysis was then performed to analyse factors associated with metabolic elimination. Dichotomisation for each variable was carried out using the receiver-operating characteristic curve for the model’s entry.

Study Results

  • The findings indicated that PCV > 52%, PP > 82 g/l, standardised Cr > 30 mg/l 100 km, UA > 72 mg/l, standardised CK > 12.6 ui/l km and standardised AST > 6.2 ui/l km were associated with the development of metabolic alterations.
  • It was observed that 30% of the horses with an imbalance between PCV and PP had metabolic elimination in the race’s subsequent phases.
  • The study also revealed a direct relationship between muscle enzymes and Cr with the distance covered by the horses.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that selected biochemical markers are indeed present in some endurance horses even before their elimination. However, most horses developed metabolic abnormalities without significant changes in the variables determined in the study.
  • The researchers suggest that an analysis of selected plasma biochemical parameters could prove useful in preventing and identifying metabolic stress in endurance horses at an early stage.

Cite This Article

APA
Trigo P, Castejon F, Riber C, Muñoz A. (2011). Use of biochemical parameters to predict metabolic elimination in endurance rides. Equine Vet J Suppl(38), 142-146. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00238.x

Publication

Equine veterinary journal. Supplement
NlmUniqueID: 9614088
Country: United States
Language: English
Issue: 38
Pages: 142-146

Researcher Affiliations

Trigo, P
  • Department of Cellular Biology, Equine Sport Medicine Center, CEMEDE, University of Córdoba, Spain. ptrigo@uco.es
Castejon, F
    Riber, C
      Muñoz, A

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Horses / blood
        • Horses / metabolism
        • Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
        • Physical Endurance / physiology
        • Retrospective Studies
        • Sports

        Citations

        This article has been cited 10 times.
        1. Bollinger L, Bartel A, Weber C, Gehlen H. Pre-Ride Biomarkers and Endurance Horse Welfare: Analyzing the Impact of the Elimination of Superoxide Dismutase, δ-Aminolevulinic-Dehydratase, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, Iron, and Serum Amyloid A Levels in Elite 160 km Endurance Rides.. Animals (Basel) 2023 May 17;13(10).
          doi: 10.3390/ani13101670pubmed: 37238102google scholar: lookup
        2. Brito G, Damián JP, Suárez G, Ruprechter G, Trigo P. Characterization of Raid Hipico Uruguayo Competencies by Ride Type: Causes of Death and Risk Factors.. Animals (Basel) 2023 May 10;13(10).
          doi: 10.3390/ani13101602pubmed: 37238032google scholar: lookup
        3. Bravo-Barriga D, Serrano-Aguilera FJ, Barrasa-Rita R, Habela MÁ, Chacón RB, Ezquerra LJ, Martín-Cuervo M. Effects of Competitive ELISA-Positive Results of Piroplasmosis on the Performance of Endurance Horses.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 3;12(5).
          doi: 10.3390/ani12050637pubmed: 35268210google scholar: lookup
        4. Buckley P, Buckley DJ, Freire R, Hughes KJ. Pre-race and race management impacts serum muscle enzyme activity in Australian endurance horses.. Equine Vet J 2022 Sep;54(5):895-904.
          doi: 10.1111/evj.13519pubmed: 34601756google scholar: lookup
        5. Verdegaal EJMM, Howarth GS, McWhorter TJ, Boshuizen B, Franklin SH, Vidal Moreno de Vega C, Jonas SE, Folwell LE, Delesalle CJG. Continuous Monitoring of the Thermoregulatory Response in Endurance Horses and Trotter Horses During Field Exercise: Baselining for Future Hot Weather Studies.. Front Physiol 2021;12:708737.
          doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.708737pubmed: 34512382google scholar: lookup
        6. Bollinger L, Bartel A, Küper A, Weber C, Gehlen H. Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides.. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:668650.
          doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.668650pubmed: 34055954google scholar: lookup
        7. Kowalik S, Wiśniewska A, Kędzierski W, Janczarek I. Concentrations of Circulating Irisin and Myostatin in Race and Endurace Purebred Arabian Horses-Preliminary Study.. Animals (Basel) 2020 Dec 1;10(12).
          doi: 10.3390/ani10122268pubmed: 33271939google scholar: lookup
        8. Izzati MRNZ, Noraniza MA, Adamu L, Rasedee A. Validity of an established metabolic disorder index as a predictor for metabolic eliminations in endurance horses.. Int J Vet Sci Med 2018 Dec;6(2):227-232.
          doi: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.08.002pubmed: 30564600google scholar: lookup
        9. Assenza A, Marafioti S, Congiu F, Giannetto C, Fazio F, Bruschetta D, Piccione G. Serum muscle-derived enzymes response during show jumping competition in horse.. Vet World 2016 Mar;9(3):251-5.
          doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.251-255pubmed: 27057107google scholar: lookup
        10. Le Moyec L, Robert C, Triba MN, Billat VL, Mata X, Schibler L, Barrey E. Protein catabolism and high lipid metabolism associated with long-distance exercise are revealed by plasma NMR metabolomics in endurance horses.. PLoS One 2014;9(3):e90730.
          doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090730pubmed: 24658361google scholar: lookup
        Subscribe to our newsletter
        Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.