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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Immunol Immunopathol / Use of DNA and recombinant canarypox viral (ALVAC) vectors f...
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology2006; 111(1-2); 47-57; doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.008

Use of DNA and recombinant canarypox viral (ALVAC) vectors for equine herpes virus vaccination.

Abstract: In this study, experimental canarypox virus (ALVAC) and plasmid DNA recombinant vaccines expressing the gB, gC and gD glycoproteins of EHV-1 were assessed for their ability to protect conventional ponies against a respiratory challenge with EHV-1. In addition, potential means of enhancing serological responses in horses to ALVAC and DNA vaccination were explored. These included co-administration of the antigen with conventional adjuvants, complexation with DMRIE-DOPE and co-expression of the antigen along with equine GM-CSF. Groups of EHV primed ponies were vaccinated twice intra-muscularly with one dose of the appropriate test vaccine at an interval of 5 weeks. Two to 3 weeks after the second vaccination, ponies were infected intra-nasally with the virulent Ab4 strain of EHV-1 after which they were observed clinically and sampled for virological investigations. The results demonstrated that DNA and ALVAC vaccination markedly reduced virus excretion after challenge in terms of duration and magnitude, but failed to protect against cell-associated viremia. Noteworthy was the almost complete absence of virus excretion in the group of ponies vaccinated with ALVAC-EHV in the presence of Carbopol adjuvant or DNA plasmid formulated with aluminium phosphate. The administration of the DNA vaccine in the presence of GM-CSF and formulated in DMRIE-DOPE and of the ALVAC vaccine in the presence of Carbopol adjuvant significantly improved virus neutralising antibody responses to EHV-1. These findings indicate that DNA and ALVAC vaccination is a promising approach for the immunological control of EHV-1 infection, but that more research is needed to identify the immunodominant protective antigens of EHV-1 and their interaction with the equine immune system.
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Publication Date: 2006-03-31 PubMed ID: 16580075DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.008Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article examines the effectiveness of experimental canarypox virus (ALVAC) and plasmid DNA recombinant vaccines in mitigating the effects of equine herpes virus (EHV-1) in ponies, as well as the potentially enhanced impact of these vaccines when combined with different adjuvants or expressed alongside an equine growth factor.

Research Process and Methodology

  • The key focus of the study was on evaluating vaccines constructed using the canarypox virus (ALVAC) and plasmid DNA vectors.
  • These experimental vaccines were specifically designed to express gB, gC, and gD glycoproteins of the equine herpes virus (EHV-1).
  • Different strategies were tested to enhance the horses’ serological responses to these vaccines. They included combining the antigen with conventional adjuvants, complexing with DMRIE-DOPE, and co-expressing the antigen and the equine GM-CSF(horse’s growth factor).
  • The ponies used for the research were primed with EHV before being vaccinated twice intra-muscularly with a trial vaccine, at an interval of five weeks.
  • After a period of 2-3 weeks following the second vaccination, the ponies were exposed intra-nasally to the virulent Ab4 strain of EHV-1.
  • Following the exposure, the ponies were clinically observed and sampled for virological investigations.

Findings

  • Both DNA and ALVAC vaccines were found to significantly reduce the duration and magnitude of post-infection virus excretion, although they failed to protect against cell-associated viremia (presence of virus in the bloodstream).
  • The research found that virus excretion was nearly eliminated in ponies vaccinated with ALVAC-EHV, in combination with Carbopol adjuvant, or with a DNA plasmid combined with aluminium phosphate.
  • It was also found that the use of the DNA vaccine, along with the presence of GM-CSF and being formulated in DMRIE-DOPE, increased EHV-1 virus neutralising antibody responses.
  • This was also the case when the ALVAC vaccine was used in combination with the Carbopol adjuvant.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The researchers have concluded that DNA and ALVAC vaccination represent a possible route toward improving the immunological control of EHV-1 infection.
  • However, further research is needed to identify the key immune-boosting components of the EHV-1 and investigate how they interact with the horse’s immune system.

Cite This Article

APA
Minke JM, Fischer L, Baudu P, Guigal PM, Sindle T, Mumford JA, Audonnet JC. (2006). Use of DNA and recombinant canarypox viral (ALVAC) vectors for equine herpes virus vaccination. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 111(1-2), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.008

Publication

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
ISSN: 0165-2427
NlmUniqueID: 8002006
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 111
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 47-57

Researcher Affiliations

Minke, J M
  • Merial SAS, 254 rue Marcel Mérieux, 69007 Lyon, France. jules.minke@merial.com
Fischer, L
    Baudu, Ph
      Guigal, P M
        Sindle, T
          Mumford, J A
            Audonnet, J C

              MeSH Terms

              • Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology
              • Animals
              • Antibodies, Viral / blood
              • Female
              • Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
              • Herpesviridae Infections / prevention & control
              • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
              • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
              • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
              • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
              • Herpesvirus Vaccines / genetics
              • Herpesvirus Vaccines / immunology
              • Herpesvirus Vaccines / therapeutic use
              • Horse Diseases / immunology
              • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
              • Horse Diseases / virology
              • Horses
              • Male
              • Neutralization Tests / veterinary
              • Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
              • Statistics, Nonparametric
              • Vaccination / methods
              • Vaccination / veterinary
              • Vaccines, DNA / immunology
              • Vaccines, DNA / therapeutic use
              • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
              • Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
              • Viral Vaccines / genetics
              • Viral Vaccines / immunology
              • Viral Vaccines / therapeutic use

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