Veterinary and toxicological applications for the detection of cardiac injury using cardiac troponin.
Abstract: The use of cardiac troponin (cTn), the 'gold-standard' biomarker of myocardial injury in humans, is growing in veterinary medicine and in animal safety studies, although there are differences in its application in animals. In this study six new assays for the marker were assessed in 619 animals of six different species (dog, cat, horse, cattle, rat and rabbit), in clinical and drug-safety studies. Healthy animals and clinical cases without cardiac disease served as controls. Several of the tested assays had poor analytic or diagnostic sensitivity and only one test was effective in all species and in all models of cardiac injury. This assay had the highest sensitivity and widest dynamic range, and identified cardiac injury due to anaemia, pancreatitis, uncontrolled Addison's and Cushing's disease, old age, renal disease, severe colic, lymphoma and neoplasia. Detection of the cTnI and cTnT forms correlated with loss of cardiac function in toxicity studies in rodents and rabbit. Increased serum cTnI was not found to correlate with disease aetiology or pathogenesis, but was effective in detecting, monitoring and quantifying ongoing cardiac injury. Cardiac injury, as demonstrated by elevated cTnI in blood, appears to be a common sequel to a wide variety of both primarily cardiac disease and of other diseases that do not primarily involve the cardiovascular system.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2010-06-02 PubMed ID: 20621713DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.04.013Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research analyzes the capability of six new cardiac troponin detection tests in identifying heart injuries across six different animal species. The key finding is that only one assay displayed effective detection abilities for all species and hypothetical models.
Research Objective
- This study aimed to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of using six new assays for detecting cardiac injuries using cardiac troponin (cTn), a biological referential marker for heart injuries, in animals. The biomarker, usually applied in human medicine, is gradually gaining popularity in veterinary medicine and animal safety studies.
Methodology and Scope
- The research tested the assays across a diverse sample of 619 animals spanning six species: dogs, cats, horses, cattle, rats, and rabbits.
- The study included animals in clinical and drug-safety trials. The control group was comprised of healthy animals and clinical cases without cardiac diseases.
- The types of cardiac injuries examined were varied and included ailments like anaemia, pancreatitis, Addison’s and Cushing’s diseases, renal disease, severe colic, lymphoma, and neoplasia.
Research Findings and Conclusions
- A large number of tests demonstrated disappointing analytic or diagnostic sensitivity, with only one assay proving effective across all species and models.
- The successful assay displayed the highest sensitivity and the broadest dynamic range. It was able to detect cardiac injuries accurately irrespective of the exact cause of the injury.
- The research observed a correlation between the rise in specific forms of cardiac troponin (cTnI and cTnT) and the loss of cardiac function in toxicity studies conducted on rodents and rabbits.
- An increase in serum cTnI, however, did not show any connection with the origin or pathogenesis of any disease. It only proved to be useful in identifying, monitoring, and quantifying ongoing cardiac injuries.
- The study concludes that the detection of elevated cTnI in the blood, denoting cardiac injury, is a common outcome of a wide array of both primarily cardiac diseases and other diseases that don’t predominantly involve the cardiovascular system.
Cite This Article
APA
Serra M, Papakonstantinou S, Adamcova M, O'Brien PJ.
(2010).
Veterinary and toxicological applications for the detection of cardiac injury using cardiac troponin.
Vet J, 185(1), 50-57.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.04.013 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers / blood
- Cats
- Cattle
- Dogs
- Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / blood
- Heart Diseases / blood
- Heart Diseases / diagnosis
- Heart Diseases / veterinary
- Horses
- Rabbits
- Rats
- Species Specificity
- Toxicology / methods
- Troponin / blood
- Troponin I / blood
- Troponin T / blood
- Veterinary Medicine / methods
Citations
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