What is the Evidence of Hyaluronic Acid and Polyacrylamide Hydrogel in Intra-articular Therapy in Equines? Systematic Literature Review.

This research seeks to identify the effectiveness of using hyaluronic acid and polyacrylamide hydrogel for intra-articular therapy in horses, with the findings suggesting there’s little compelling evidence to support the benefits, protocols, and mechanisms of action of these treatments.

Research Overview

This systematic review attempts to assess the efficacy of hyaluronic acid and polyacrylamide hydrogel in the intra-articular (within joint) therapy of horses, particularly in cases of osteoarthritis. In veterinary practice, these substances are commonly administered as treatments but clear evidence supporting their effectiveness is lacking.

Methodology

• The research involved a comprehensive review of 19 studies, which included a mix of clinical and in vitro (in lab) studies, as well as retrospective case series (looking back at series of related cases).
• The chosen studies either demonstrated or refuted the effectiveness of the aforementioned substances in equine intra-articular therapy.
• The aim was to assess the level and quality of evidence provided by these studies to establish a clearer understanding of the value of these substances as treatments within this context.

Findings

• The evidence from these 19 studies suggests that the use of hyaluronic acid in the described context has fragile support. The word ‘fragile’ here suggests that the supporting evidence is weak or unreliable.
• No studies were included that demonstrated any significant clinical outcome when using polyacrylamide hydrogel in diseased synovial tissues (tissue lining the joints; the area often affected in osteoarthritis).
• The study therefore concludes that there’s no concrete proof of positive effects or established treatment protocol when using hyaluronic acid in joint therapy for horses.
• Interestingly, no clear understanding or explanation of the mechanisms of action (how and why the substance works at a molecular level) of hyaluronic acid within this context was identified

Conclusion

The application of hyaluronic acid and polyacrylamide hydrogel in intra-articular therapy in horses is not supported by robust evidence, and their mechanisms of action are poorly understood. This study indicates a need for further research to establish a better understanding of the effects and mechanisms of these treatments in equines.