FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene2020; 55(2); 200-208; doi: 10.1111/rda.13608

Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals candidate genomic footprints and genes associated with reproductive traits in Thoroughbred horse.

Abstract: The primary objective of most horse breeding operations was to maximize reproductive efficiency and minimize the cost of producing live foals. Here, we compared individual horses from the Thoroughbred population (n = 17), known as a horse breed with poor reproductive performance, with other six horse populations (n = 28), to detect genomic signatures of positive selection underlying of reproductive traits. A number of protein-coding genes with significant (p-value <.01) higher F values (616 genes) and a lower value for nucleotide diversity (π) (310 genes) were identified. The results of our study revealed some candidate genes such as IGFBP2, IGFBP5, GDF9, BRINP3 and GRID1 are possibly associated with functions influencing reproductive traits. These genes may have been under selection due to their essential roles in reproduction performance in horses. The candidate selected genes identified in this work should be of great interest for future research into genetic architecture of traits relevant to horse breeding programmes.
© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2020-01-10 PubMed ID: 31858623DOI: 10.1111/rda.13608Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study analyzes the entire genome sequencing of Thoroughbred horses and compares it with six other horse populations. The aim was to identify specific genetic markers that may improve reproductive traits, with findings revealing several candidate genes possibly influential to such traits.

Objective of the Study

  • The main goal of the study was to increase reproductive efficiency and reduce the cost of producing live foals in horse breeding operations.
  • The researchers aimed to understand the genetic markers linked to reproduction traits by analyzing the whole genome sequence of Thoroughbred horses, a breed known for its poor reproductive performance.

Methodology

  • The researchers compared individual horses from the Thoroughbred population with six other horse populations.
  • The intent was to identify genomic signatures of positive selection, indications of adaptive evolution that influence reproductive traits amongst the Thoroughbred population.

Results

  • The study identified several protein-coding genes with significantly higher F values and a lower value for nucleotide diversity that could be associated with reproductive traits.
  • Genes such as IGFBP2, IGFBP5, GDF9, BRINP3, and GRID1 were identified as possible candidates.
  • The researchers propose that these genes may have been under selection due to their critical roles in reproduction performance in horses.

Significance of the Study

  • The results of the study uncover potential genes that could have a significant influence on horse reproductive traits.
  • The findings could aid in understanding the mechanism of reproduction in horses, potentially improving reproductive efficiency and reducing the overall cost of producing live foals.
  • The identified genes of interest also pave the way for further research into the genetic architecture of traits relevant to horse breeding programmes.

Cite This Article

APA
Asadollahpour Nanaei H, Ayatollahi Mehrgardi A, Esmailizadeh A. (2020). Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals candidate genomic footprints and genes associated with reproductive traits in Thoroughbred horse. Reprod Domest Anim, 55(2), 200-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.13608

Publication

Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene
ISSN: 1439-0531
NlmUniqueID: 9015668
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 55
Issue: 2
Pages: 200-208

Researcher Affiliations

Asadollahpour Nanaei, Hojjat
  • Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Ayatollahi Mehrgardi, Ahmad
  • Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Esmailizadeh, Ali
  • Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Breeding
  • Female
  • Genome
  • Horses / genetics
  • Male
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Reproduction / genetics
  • Whole Genome Sequencing / veterinary

References

This article includes 77 references
  1. Aberle KS, Hamann H, Drögemüller C, Distl O. Genetic diversity in German draught horse breeds compared with a group of primitive, riding and wild horses by means of microsatellite DNA markers. Animal Genetics 35, 270-277.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01166.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  2. Akey JM, Zhang G, Zhang K, Jin L, Shriver MD. Interrogating a high-density SNP map for signatures of natural selection. Genome Research 12, 1805-1814.
    doi: 10.1101/gr.631202google scholar: lookup
  3. Alexander DH, Novembre J, Lange K. Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals. Genome Research 19(9), 1655-1664.
    doi: 10.1101/gr.094052.109google scholar: lookup
  4. An SM, Hwang JH, Kwon S, Yu GE, Park DH, Kang DG, Kim CW. Effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 genes on litter size traits in Berkshire pigs. Animal Biotechnology 29(4), 301-308.
    doi: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1395345google scholar: lookup
  5. Asadollahpour Nanaei H, Ansari Mahyari S, Edriss MA. Single nucleotide polymorphism of the lactoferrin gene and its association with milk production and reproduction traits in Iranian Holstein cattle. Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies 4(1), 71-76.
    doi: 10.22103/jlst.2016.1384google scholar: lookup
  6. Asadollahpour Nanaei H, Ayatollahi Mehrgardi A, Esmailizadeh A. Comparative population genomics unveils candidate genes for athletic performance in Hanoverians. Genome 62(4), 279-285.
    doi: 10.1139/gen-2018-0151google scholar: lookup
  7. Bach LA. IGF-binding proteins. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 61, T11-T28.
    doi: 10.1530/jme-17-0254google scholar: lookup
  8. Bansal SK, Gupta N, Sankhwar SN, Rajender S. Differential genes expression between fertile and infertile spermatozoa revealed by transcriptome analysis. PLoS ONE 10(5), e0127007.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127007google scholar: lookup
  9. Binns MM, Boehler DA, Bailey E, Lear TL, Cardwell JM, Lambert DH. Inbreeding in the Thoroughbred horse. Animal Genetics 43, 340-342.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02259.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  10. Bjelland DW, Weigel KA, Vukasinovic N, Nkrumah JD. Evaluation of inbreeding depression in Holstein cattle using whole -genome SNP markers and alternative measures of genomic inbreeding. Journal of Dairy Science 96, 4697-4706.
    doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-6435google scholar: lookup
  11. Bower MA, Campana MG, Whitten M, Edwards CJ, Jones H, Barrett E, Binns M. The cosmopolitan maternal heritage of the Thoroughbred racehorse breed shows a significant contribution from British and Irish native mares. Biology Letters 7(2), 316-320.
    doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0800google scholar: lookup
  12. Browning BL, Zhou Y, Browning SR. A one-penny imputed genome from next generation reference panels. American Journal of Human Genetics 103, 338-348.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.07.015google scholar: lookup
  13. Bünger L, Lewis RM, Rothschild MF, Blasco A, Renne U, Simm G. Relationships between quantitative and reproductive fitness traits in animals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360(1459), 1489-1502.
    doi: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1679google scholar: lookup
  14. Chang CC, Chow CC, Tellier LC, Vattikuti S, Purcell SM, Lee JJ. Second-generation PLINK: Rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets. GigaScience 4, 7.
    doi: 10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8google scholar: lookup
  15. Chu MX, Wu ZH, Feng T, Cao GL, Fang L, Di R, Li N. Polymorphism of GDF9 gene and its association with litter size in goats. Veterinary Research Communications 35(6), 329-336.
    doi: 10.1007/s11259-011-9476-8google scholar: lookup
  16. Clempson AM, Pollott GE, Brickell JS, Wathes DC. Associations between bovine IGFBP2 polymorphisms with fertility, milk production, and metabolic status in UK dairy cows. Animal Biotechnology 23(2), 101-113.
    doi: 10.1080/10495398.2011.650775google scholar: lookup
  17. Cochran SD, Cole JB, Null DJ, Hansen PJ. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes associated with fertilizing ability of sperm and subsequent embryonic development in cattle. Biology of Reproduction 89(3), 69.
    doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.111260google scholar: lookup
  18. Cunningham EP, Dooley JJ, Splan RK, Bradley DG. Microsatellite diversity, pedigree relatedness and the contributions of founder lineages to thoroughbred horses. Animal Genetics 32(6), 360-364.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2052.2001.00785.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  19. El Fiky ZA, Hassan GM, Nassar MI. Genetic polymorphism of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene related to fecundity in two Egyptian sheep breeds. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 34(12), 1683-1690.
    doi: 10.1007/s10815-017-1007-2google scholar: lookup
  20. Feng T, Geng CX, Lang XZ, Chu MX, Cao GL, Di R, Li N. Polymorphisms of caprine GDF9 gene and their association with litter size in Jining Grey goats. Molecular Biology Reports 38(8), 5189-5197.
    doi: 10.1007/s11033-010-0669-ygoogle scholar: lookup
  21. Fischer D, Laiho A, Gyenesei A, Sironen A. Identification of reproduction-related gene polymorphisms using whole transcriptome sequencing in the large white pig population. G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 5(7), 1351-1360.
    doi: 10.1534/g3.115.018382google scholar: lookup
  22. Fleming A, Abdalla EA, Maltecca C, Baes CF. Reproductive and genomic technologies to optimize breeding strategies for genetic progress in dairy cattle. Archives Animal Breeding 61, 43-57.
    doi: 10.5194/aab-61-43-2018google scholar: lookup
  23. Gajbhiye R, Fung JN, Montgomery GW. Complex genetics of female fertility. NPJ Genomic Medicine 3, 29.
    doi: 10.1038/s41525-018-0068-1google scholar: lookup
  24. Ginther OJ. Reproductive biology of the mare: Basic and applied aspects (2nd ed., pp. 499-562). Cross Plains, WI: Equiservices.
  25. Gobikrushanth M, Purfield DC, Colazo MG, Wang Z, Butler ST, Ambrose DJ. The relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration and reproductive performance, and genome-wide associations for serum IGF-1 in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 101(10), 9154-9167.
    doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-14535google scholar: lookup
  26. Hanrahan JP, Gregan SM, Mulsant P, Mullen M, Davis GH, Powell R, Galloway SM. Mutations in the genes for oocyte-derived growth factors GDF9 and BMP15 are associated with both increased ovulation rate and sterility in Cambridge and Belclare sheep (Ovis aries). Biology of Reproduction 70(4), 900-909.
    doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.023093google scholar: lookup
  27. Hinchcliff KW, Geor RJ, Kaneps AJ. Equine exercise physiology: The science of exercise in the athletic horse. ISBN-13: 978-0632055524.
  28. Jaillard S, Akloul L, Beaumont M, Hamdi-Roze H, Dubourg C, Odent S, Ravel C. Array-CGH diagnosis in ovarian failure: Identification of new molecular actors for ovarian physiology. Journal of Ovarian Research 9(1), 1-7.
    doi: 10.1186/s13048-016-0272-5google scholar: lookup
  29. Juengel JL, Haydon LJ, Mester B, Thomson BP, Beaumont M, Eckery DC. The role of IGFs in the regulation of ovarian follicular growth in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Reproduction 140, 295-303.
    doi: 10.1530/rep-10-0142google scholar: lookup
  30. Kader A, Li Y, Dong K, Irwin DM, Zhao Q, He X, Ma Y. Population variation reveals independent selection toward small body size in Chinese Debao Pony. Genome Biology and Evolution 8(1), 42-50.
    doi: 10.1093/gbe/evv245google scholar: lookup
  31. Kelley KM, Oh Y, Gargosky SE, Gucev Z, Matsumoto T, Hwa V, Rosenfeld RG. Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and their regulatory dynamics. International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 28(6), 619-637.
    doi: 10.1016/1357-2725(96)00005-2google scholar: lookup
  32. Kirin M, McQuillan R, Franklin CS, Campbell H, McKeigue PM, Wilson JF. Genomic runs of homozygosity record population history and consanguinity. PLoS ONE 5, e13996.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013996google scholar: lookup
  33. Kumar S, Stecher G, Peterson D, Tamura K. MEGA-CC: Computing core of molecular evolutionary genetics analysis program for automated and iterative data analysis. Bioinformatics 28, 2685-2686.
    doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts507google scholar: lookup
  34. Lee AS, Rusch J, Lima AC, Usmani A, Huang NI, Lepamets M, Conrad DF. Rare mutations in the complement regulatory gene CSMD1 are associated with male and female infertility. Nature Communication 10, 4626.
    doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12522-wgoogle scholar: lookup
  35. Leyva-Corona JC, Reyna-Granados JR, Zamorano-Algandar R, Sanchez-Castro MA, Thomas MG, Enns RM, Luna-Nevarez P. Polymorphisms within the prolactin and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 functional pathways associated with fertility traits in Holstein cows raised in a hot-humid climate. Tropical Animal Health and Production 50(8), 1913-1920.
    doi: 10.1007/s11250-018-1645-0google scholar: lookup
  36. Li H, Durbin R. Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform. Bioinformatics 15, 1754-1760.
    doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp324google scholar: lookup
  37. Li H, Handsaker B, Wysoker A, Fennell T, Ruan J, Homer N, 1000 Genome Project Data Processing Subgroup. The sequence alignment/map format and SAMtools. Bioinformatics 25(16), 2078-2079.
    doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352google scholar: lookup
  38. Liu W, Yu Y, Li G, Tang S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene are associated with growth and reproduction traits in chickens. Animal Genetics 43(5), 564-569.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02306.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  39. Machado MA, Utsunomiya TH, Boison SA, dos Santos DJA, Utsunomiya YT, Fonseca RD, Barbosa da Silva MVG. Genome wide association study for calving interval in GYR dairy cattle. 10th World Congress of Genetics Applied to Livestock Production.
  40. McCue ME, Bannasch DL, Petersen JL, Gurr J, Bailey E, Binns MM, Mickelson JR. A high density SNP array for the domestic horse and extant perissodactyla: Utility for association mapping, genetic diversity, and phylogeny studies. PLoS Genetics 8(1), e1002451.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002451google scholar: lookup
  41. Melo TP, Fortes MRS, Bresolin T, Mota LFM, Albuquerque LG, Carvalheiro R. Multitrait meta-analysis identified genomic regions associated with sexual precocity in tropical beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 96(10), 4087-4099.
    doi: 10.1093/jas/sky289google scholar: lookup
  42. Merkl M, Ulbrich SE, Otzdorff C, Herbach N, Wanke R, Wolf E, Bauersachs S. Microarray analysis of equine endometrium at days 8 and 12 of pregnancy. Biology of Reproduction 83(5), 874-886.
    doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.085233google scholar: lookup
  43. Metzger J, Karwath M, Tonda R, Beltran S, Águeda L, Gut M, Distl OD. Runs of homozygosity reveal signatures of positive selection for reproduction traits in breed and non-breed horses. BMC Genomics 16, 764.
    doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-1977-3google scholar: lookup
  44. Miller A, Woods GL. Diagnosis and correction of twin pregnancy in the mare. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 4(2), 215-220.
  45. Monget P, Fabre S, Mulsant P, Lecerf F, Elsen JM, Mazerbourg S, Monniaux D. Regulation of ovarian folliculogenesis by IGF and BMP system in domestic animals. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 23(1-2), 139-154.
  46. Montgomery GW, Zhao ZZ, Marsh AJ, Mayne R, Treloar AA, James M, Duffy DL. A deletion mutation in GDF9 in sisters with spontaneous DZ twins. Twin Research 7, 548-555.
    doi: 10.1375/1369052042663823google scholar: lookup
  47. Moon S, Lee JW, Shin D, Shin KY, Kim J, Choi IY, Kim H. A genome-wide scan for selective sweeps in racing horses. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 28(11), 1525-1531.
    doi: 10.5713/ajas.14.0696google scholar: lookup
  48. Mucha A, Ropka-Molik K, Piórkowska K, Tyra M, Oczkowicz M. Effect of EGF, AREG and LIF genes polymorphisms on reproductive traits in pigs. Animal Reproduction Science 137(1-2), 88-92.
    doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.12.009google scholar: lookup
  49. Nagy R. Effects of management on reproductive efficiency in Thoroughbreds. University of Kentucky Master's Theses.
  50. Nath LC, Anderson GA, McKinnon AO. Reproductive efficiency of Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses in north-east Victoria. Australian Veterinary Journal 88(5), 169-175.
  51. Nicol L, Bishop SC, Pong-Wong R, Bendixen C, Holm LE, Rhind SM, McNeilly AS. Homozygosity for a single base-pair mutation in the oocyte-specific GDF9 gene results in sterility in Thoka sheep. Reproduction 138(6), 921-933.
    doi: 10.1530/rep-09-0193google scholar: lookup
  52. Nolte W, Thaller G, Kuehn C. Selection signatures in four German warmblood horse breeds: Tracing breeding history in the modern sport horse. PLoS ONE 14(4), e0215913.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215913google scholar: lookup
  53. Nosrati M, Asadollahpour Nanaei H, Amiri Ghanatsaman Z, Esmailizadeh A. Whole genome sequence analysis to detect signatures of positive selection for high fecundity in sheep. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 54, 358-364.
    doi: 10.1111/rda.13368google scholar: lookup
  54. Obando MSM. Candidate genes associated with fertility and embryonic development in dairy cattle. A dissertation presented to the graduate school of the University of Florida in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy University of Florida.
  55. Okamura D, Maeda I, Taniguchi H, Tokitake Y, Ikeda M, Ozato K, Matsui Y. Cell cycle gene-specific control of transcription has a critical role in proliferation of primordial germ cells. Genes & Development 26, 2477-2482.
    doi: 10.1101/gad.202242.112google scholar: lookup
  56. Ostrup E, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Wolf E, Hyttel P. Differential endometrial gene expression in pregnant and nonpregnant sows. Biology of Reproduction 83(2), 277-285.
    doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.082321google scholar: lookup
  57. Palmer JS, Zhao ZZ, Hoekstra C, Hayward NK, Webb PM, Whiteman DC, Montgomery GW. Novel variants in growth differentiation factor 9 in mothers of dizygotic twins. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91(11), 4713-4716.
    doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-0970google scholar: lookup
  58. Paulini F, Melo EO. The role of oocyte-secreted factors GDF9 and BMP15 in follicular development and oogenesis. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 46(2), 354-361.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01739.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  59. Perkins NR, Grimmett JB. Pregnancy and twinning rates in thoroughbred mares following the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). New Zealand Veterinary Journal 49(3), 94-100.
    doi: 10.1080/00480169.2001.36210google scholar: lookup
  60. Pritchard JK, Przeworski M. Linkage disequilibrium in humans: Models and data. American Journal of Human Genetics 69, 1-14.
    doi: 10.1086/321275google scholar: lookup
  61. Raggio I, Lefebvre RC, Poitras P, Vaillancourt D, Goff AK. Twin pregnancy experimental model for transvaginal ultrasound-guided twin reduction in mares. The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne 49(11), 1093-1098.
  62. Reimand J, Arak T, Vilo J. g:Profiler-a web server for functional interpretation of gene lists (2011 update). Nucleic Acids Research 39, W307-W315.
    doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr378google scholar: lookup
  63. Rosati A, Mousa E, Vleck VLD, Young LD. Genetic parameters of reproductive traits in sheep. Small Ruminant Research 43, 65-74.
    doi: 10.1016/s0921-4488(01)00256-5google scholar: lookup
  64. Sato S, Kikuchi T, Uemoto Y, Mikawa S, Suzuki K. Effect of candidate gene polymorphisms on reproductive traits in a large white pig population. Animal Science Journal 87(12), 1455-1463.
    doi: 10.1111/asj.12580google scholar: lookup
  65. Sharma A, Park JE, Chai HH, Jang GW, Lee SH, Lim D. Next generation sequencing in livestock species- a review. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 1, 23-30.
    doi: 10.12972/jabng.20170003google scholar: lookup
  66. Smith SP, Phillips JB, Johnson ML, Abbot P, Capra JA, Rokas A. Genome-wide association analysis uncovers variants for reproductive variation across dog breeds and links to domestication. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health 1, 93-103.
    doi: 10.1093/emph/eoz015google scholar: lookup
  67. Spitschak M, Hoeflich A. Potential functions of IGFBP-2 for ovarian folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis. Frontiers in Endocrinology 9, 119.
    doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00119google scholar: lookup
  68. Suchocki T, Szyda J. Genome-wide association study for semen production traits in Holstein- Friesian bulls. Journal of Animal Science 98, 5774-5780.
    doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8951google scholar: lookup
  69. Sullivan JJ, Turner PC, Self LC, Gutteridge HB, Bartell DE. Survey of reproductive efficiency in the Quarter-horse and Thoroughbred. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement 23, 315-318.
  70. Tang KQ, Yang WC, Li SJ, Yang LG. Polymorphisms of the bovine growth differentiation factor 9 gene associated with superovulation performance in Chinese Holstein cows. Genetics and Molecular Research 12(1), 390-399.
    doi: 10.4238/2013google scholar: lookup
  71. Todd ET, Ho SYW, Thomson PC, Ang RA, Velie BD, Hamilton NA. Founder-specific inbreeding depression affects racing performance in Thoroughbred horses. Scientific Reports 8, 6167.
    doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24663-xgoogle scholar: lookup
  72. Weber R, Hospes R, Wehrend A. Causes of abortion in horses - overview of the literature and own evaluations. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 46(1), 35-42.
    doi: 10.15653/tpg-170517google scholar: lookup
  73. Willett P. The Thoroughbred (p. 350). London, UK: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
  74. Wolc A, Bresinska A, Szwaczkowski T. Genetic and permanent environmental variability of twinning in Thoroughbred horses estimated via three threshold models. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 123, 186-190.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2006.00575.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  75. Yang C, Ye J, Li X, Gao X, Zhang K, Luo L, Fang F. DNA methylation patterns in the hypothalamus of female pubertal goats. PLoS ONE 11(10), e0165327.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165327google scholar: lookup
  76. Yang J, Lee SH, Goddard ME, Visscher PM. GCTA: A tool for genome-wide complex trait analysis. American Journal of Human Genetics 88(1), 76-82.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.11.011google scholar: lookup
  77. Zhang Y, Du H, Chen J, Yang G, Zhang X. Porcine growth differentiation factor 9 gene polymorphisms and their associations with litter size. Journal of Genetics and Genomics 35(3), 163-169.
    doi: 10.1016/s1673-8527(08)60022-3google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
  1. Liu D, Xu Z, Zhao W, Wang S, Li T, Zhu K, Liu G, Zhao X, Wang Q, Pan Y, Ma P. Genetic parameters and genome-wide association for milk production traits and somatic cell score in different lactation stages of Shanghai Holstein population. Front Genet 2022;13:940650.
    doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.940650pubmed: 36134029google scholar: lookup
  2. Zinovieva NA, Dotsev AV, Sermyagin AA, Deniskova TE, Abdelmanova AS, Kharzinova VR, Sölkner J, Reyer H, Wimmers K, Brem G. Selection signatures in two oldest Russian native cattle breeds revealed using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. PLoS One 2020;15(11):e0242200.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242200pubmed: 33196682google scholar: lookup
  3. Yang R, Liang Z, Prakapenka D, Ma L, Da Y. Genome-Wide Association Study of Daughter Pregnancy Rate in Crossbred Dairy Cows. Int J Mol Sci 2025 Nov 18;26(22).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms262211149pubmed: 41303632google scholar: lookup
  4. Wang Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Chen S. Molecular Mechanism of the Grid Gene Family Regulating Growth Size Heteromorphism in Cynoglossus semilaevis. Animals (Basel) 2025 Apr 14;15(8).
    doi: 10.3390/ani15081130pubmed: 40281964google scholar: lookup
  5. Zhao J, Wang Y, Kamalibieke J, Gong P, Zhang F, Shi H, Wang W, Luo J. Design and verification of a 25 K multiple-SNP liquid-capture chip by target sequencing for dairy goat. BMC Genomics 2025 Apr 15;26(1):377.
    doi: 10.1186/s12864-025-11576-zpubmed: 40234771google scholar: lookup
  6. Silva DO, Fernandes Júnior GA, Fonseca LFS, Mota LFM, Bresolin T, Carvalheiro R, de Albuquerque LG. Genome-wide association study for stayability at different calvings in Nellore beef cattle. BMC Genomics 2024 Jan 23;25(1):93.
    doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10020-ypubmed: 38254039google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 100,129 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.