Yield and composition of milk from lactating mares: effect of lactation stage and individual differences.

This research examines the yield and composition of milk from 11 heavy breed lactating mares (horses) during their first two months of lactation. It suggests that while milk yield increases during this time, the concentrations of fat, protein, energy and calcium decrease as lactose content increases. Despite some individual variations, the levels of certain elements like casein, whey protein and non-protein N, and their amino acids composition, remain consistent throughout.

Research Methodology

• The researchers studied milk yields and its composition from 11 heavy breed mares during the first two months of their lactation period.
• The mares used in the study averaged 784 kg in weight.
• Elements studied in the milk composition included fat, protein, gross energy, Calcium (Ca), casein, whey protein, non-protein Nitrogen (N), and the composition of amino acids.

Findings on Milk Yield

• The daily milk yield appeared to increase over the course of the lactation period, specifically from 21.7 kg to 24.6 kg between the first and eighth weeks.
• There were noted individual variations, but these were more prominent with respect to yield rather than composition.

Findings on Milk Composition

• During the lactation period, as the lactose content in the milk increased, there were significant decreases observed in the concentrations of certain components. These included fat, protein, gross energy, and Ca.
• However, for some other components like casein, whey protein, and non-protein N, there was no observed variation between the first and eighth week of milk production.
• Similarly, the composition of amino acids in the milk did not show any considerable change during this period.

Implications of Findings

• This research provides useful insights into the variations in milk production in lactating mares. This is important knowledge for breeders, vets, and anyone involved in the equine industry, particularly those involved in the production and consumption of mare’s milk.
• Understanding the changes in milk yield and composition during lactation serves as crucial knowledge for feeding and nutrition management for both the mare and her foal.
• The findings also have the potential to inform the development of appropriate supplementary feeds during this period.