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Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in Venezuela and Brazil.
Abstract: After outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Solano State, Venezuela, 5% of the population had parasitized ulcers while after similar outbreaks in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 9% had the disease. In these foci children, including some under six years of age, were affected. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of the disease according to sex or type of employment. In Solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in Mesquita these indices were 19.8% and 30.8% respectively. The parasite from man, dogs and equines was identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, by zymodeme and serodeme characterization. In these foci there is evidence suggesting that leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, possibly with equines and dogs as reservoirs, although both a wild enzootic cycle and the role of man as a source of infection can not be ruled out. Transmission is assumed to occur peridomestically by sandfly vectors such as Lutzomyia panamensis in Venezuela and Lutzomyia intermedia in Brazil. Information about the origin of these foci suggests that infected equines may be an important factor in the dissemination of the parasite in a peridomestic situation where these sandflies are abundant.
Publication Date: 1990-01-01 PubMed ID: 2319948DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761989000100005Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research investigates cutaneous leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease prevalent in Venezuela and Brazil, and its association with domestic animals such as dogs and donkeys. The study finds that there is a possibility that these animals act as reservoirs for Leishmania braziliensis, the parasite responsible for the disease, thus suggesting that the disease could be a zoonosis one.
Overview of the Research
- The research was carried out following outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Solano State, Venezuela and Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. There, significant portions of the population had contracted the disease with parasitized ulcers observed in 5% and 9% of the population, respectively. The disease did not show a significant bias in terms of sex or employment type.
- Children, including some under six years of age, were among those affected by the disease. In Solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in Mesquita these indices were 19.8% and 30.8% respectively.
Identification of the Parasite
- The parasite responsible for the disease in humans, dogs, and equines was identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. This identification was achieved through zymodeme and serodeme characterization, methods used to differentiate strains of a microorganism.
Transmission and Spread of the Disease
- The research provides evidence suggesting that leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, a disease transmitted from animals to humans. The possible reservoirs for the parasite are proposed to be equines and dogs. However, the research also acknowledges the possibility of a wild enzootic cycle (a disease prevalence in animal populations) and the role of humans as a source of infection.
- Transmission is hypothesized to occur in environments peridomestic, or close to human habitation, by sandfly vectors. The specific sandfly species are Lutzomyia panamensis in Venezuela and Lutzomyia intermedia in Brazil.
- The origin information of these foci suggests that infected equines may play a significant role in the dissemination of the parasite, especially in situations where the sandfly vectors are abundant.
Cite This Article
APA
Aguilar CM, Rangel EF, Garcia L, Fernandez E, Momen H, Grimaldi Filho G, De Vargas Z.
(1990).
Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in Venezuela and Brazil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 84(1), 19-28.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761989000100005 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela.
MeSH Terms
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Animals
- Brazil
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Disease Reservoirs
- Disease Vectors
- Dog Diseases / parasitology
- Dogs
- Female
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Leishmania braziliensis / isolation & purification
- Leishmaniasis / epidemiology
- Leishmaniasis / transmission
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Perissodactyla
- Psychodidae / parasitology
- Venezuela
Citations
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