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Cobalt is a micro mineral that is required within the horse's hindgut to synthesize the vitamin cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12. Microbes present in the hindgut convert cobalt into its active form, cyanocobalamin, during hindgut fermentation.

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Cyanocobalamin is required for making red blood cells, protein synthesis, as well as sugar and fat metabolism. It also supports reproductive function and cardiovascular health. Horses are sometimes supplemented with additional sources of cobalamin for a purported boost in athletic performance.

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The essential trace mineral cobalt is found naturally in horse feeds, and there have not been any reported cases of deficiency. Signs of suboptimal intake can include loss of appetite, anemia, poor growth, lethargy, and other symptoms associated with low vitamin B12 consumption.

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Some sources report that supplementation is necessary in regions where the soil does not naturally contain adequate amounts. This includes Florida, New England, Australia, New Zealand, and Norway. As a supplement, cobalt is commonly provided in the form of vitamin B12 or cobalt carbonate, and it has a maximum tolerable level of 25 milligrams per kilogram of feed, or 250 milligrams per day.

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Wondering if your horse is getting enough cobalt in their diet? Contact Mad Barn for a complimentary diet evaluation by one of our equine nutritionists.