Biochemical genetics.
Publisher:
Plenum Press.. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers (1999)
Frequency: Twelve no. a year
Country: United States
Language: English
Start Year:1967 -
ISSN:
0006-2928 (Print)
1573-4927 (Electronic)
0006-2928 (Linking)
1573-4927 (Electronic)
0006-2928 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.4
2022
| NLM ID: | 0126611 |
| (DNLM): | B14840000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01532961 |
| Coden: | BIGEBA |
| LCCN: | 73012779 |
| Classification: | W1 BI621 |
Molecular analysis using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites to infer the formation process of Japanese native horse populations. To assess the genetic diversity of Japanese native horse populations, we examined seven such populations using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite analyses. Four reference populations of Mongolian horses and European breeds were employed as other equids. In the mtDNA analysis, the control region (D-loop) of 411 bp was sequenced, and 12 haplotypes with 33 variable sites were identified in the Japanese native horses. The phylogenetic tree constructed by haplogrouping and using worldwide geographic references indicated that the haplotypes of the Japanese native horses were derived from s...
Genetic structure of an endangered Portuguese semiferal pony breed, the Garrano. The present study intends to survey the genetic variability of an endangered semiferal Portuguese native pony breed, the Garrano. Thirteen microsatellite markers were examined in 277 animals born in 1998, belonging to eight subpopulations corresponding to eight northern Portuguese geographic regions. Mean heterozygosity (H(o)) in the Garrano breed was 0.732, ranging from 0.531 to 0.857 across subpopulations. Allelic frequencies and diversity differed significantly between regions, suggesting the existence of genetic differentiation within the breed confirmed by the population differentiation e...
Genetic diversity of Cheju horses (Equus caballus) determined by using mitochondrial DNA D-loop polymorphism. We used sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop (968 bp excluding the tandem repeat region) to determine genetic diversity of horses inhabiting Cheju (a southern island of Korea). Seventeen haplotypes with frequencies from 1.5 to 21.5% were found among 65 Cheju horse samples. Genetic diversity (h) of the 17 haplotypes was calculated to be 0.91, indicating that the extant Cheju horse population consists of diverse genetic groups in their maternal lineage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 17 types of Cheju (D-loop sequences determined), 5 Mongolian, 6 Arabian, 3 Belgian, 2 Tsushim...
Multiple genotypes of mitochondrial DNA within a horse population from a small region in Yunnan Province of China. mtDNA genotypes of six domestic horses (three adult short horses whose heights are under 1 m and three common domestic horses) from a small region of 15 km2 in Malipo county of Yunnan province of China were investigated by the technique of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with 16 restriction endonucleases which recognize 6-bp sequences. An average of 56 fragments for an individual was obtained. Unlike other domestic animals, this population of horses exhibits high mtDNA genetic diversity. Each of the six horses has a specific mtDNA genotype showing a pattern of multiple maternal...
The equine major plasma serpin multigene family: partial characterization including sequence of the reactive-site regions. The equine Pi system, which is highly polymorphic and was considered to be controlled by a single locus, has been shown to be controlled by four loci (named Spi 1-4). This system is the equine equivalent of the major human plasma serpin (serine protease inhibitor), human alpha 1 PI. Twenty-two haplotypes of the equine Pi system have been characterized by two-dimensional electrophoresis, resulting in the assignment of pI, Mr, and bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibition characteristics to 109 proteins. These proteins have been analyzed further to determine their relatedness to each other as w...
The equine protease inhibitory system (Pi): abnormal expressions of PiF, PiL, and PiS1. Three cases of abnormal expression of the equine protease inhibitory alleles, Pi F, L, and S1, were observed following the examination of 30,000 plasma samples by one-dimensional acid (pH 4.6) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Characterization of the abnormal proteins in terms of isoelectric point, molecular mass, inhibitory spectra, and sialic acid content was performed using one- and two-dimensional electrophoretic techniques. The Pi F and S1 abnormalities were postulated to be the result of amino acid substitutions causing alterations in the processing of the carbohydrate side chains. No ...
Sequence of the high-activity equine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase: N-terminal polymorphism (acetyl-Ser/acetyl-Thr) and homologies to similar mammalian isozymes. The amino acid sequence of the high-activity equine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (CA-II) has been determined. Two different N-termini are noted, the C1 form having an N-acetyl-serine and the C2 form an N-acetyl-threonine. The sequence of the equine enzyme is most homologous to the human CA-II isozyme, with 224 of the 259 residues being identical.
Analysis of mechanisms regulating the expression of parental alleles at the GPD locus in mule erythrocytes. Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was examined by 13% starch gel electrophoresis in 74 mules (42 females and 32 males), 35 donkeys, and ten horses. The quantitative expression of the parental alleles at the Gpd locus varies greatly in female mules from the hemizygous expression of the maternal allele to that of the paternal. The data obtained indicate that the X chromosomes are randomly inactivated in females mules. No selective advantage of a cell population with a maternally (or paternally) derived X active was found in female mule erythrocytes. It is suggested that the ph...
Carbonic anhydrase isozymes in American ponies and riding horses: a new polymorphic high-activity type isozyme. A study of the erythrocyte carbonic anhydrases of 219 American ponies and 76 riding horses has revealed the presence of five variants of the low-activity CA B isozyme and two variants of the high-activity CA C isozyme. The previously undetected variant of CA C was found only in the pony population and had an allele frequency of 8.9%. A family study of animals possessing the CA B variant A2 showed an unexpected high frequency of inheritance.