Journal of theoretical biology.
Publisher:
Elsevier. Amsterdam : Elsevier
Frequency: Semimonthly
Country: England
Language: English
Start Year:1961 -
ISSN:
0022-5193 (Print)
1095-8541 (Electronic)
0022-5193 (Linking)
1095-8541 (Electronic)
0022-5193 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2
2022
| NLM ID: | 0376342 |
| (DNLM): | J40200000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01783069 |
| Coden: | JTBIAP |
| LCCN: | 64006601 |
| Classification: | W1 JO966C |
A physiologically based model for tramadol pharmacokinetics in horses. This work proposes an application of a minimal complexity physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to predict tramadol concentration vs time profiles in horses. Tramadol is an opioid analgesic also used for veterinary treatments. Researchers and medical doctors can profit from the application of mathematical models as supporting tools to optimize the pharmacological treatment of animal species. The proposed model is based on physiology but adopts the minimal compartmental architecture necessary to describe the experimental data. The model features a system of ordinary differential equations...
Understanding virus-host dynamics following EIAV infection in SCID horses. We develop a mathematical model for the interaction between two competing equine infectious anemia virus strains and neutralizing antibodies. We predict that elimination of one or both virus strains depends on the initial antibody levels, the strength of antibody mediated neutralization, and the persistence of antibody over time. We further show that the ability of a subdominant, neutralization resistant virus to dominate the infection transiently or permanently is dependent on the antibody-mediated neutralization effect. Finally, we determine conditions for persistence of both virus strains. ...
A plausible explanation for heart rates in mammals. We consider a simple model to give a plausible mechanical explanation of what are the actual resting heart rates of mammals optimized for. We study what is the optimal frequency for a viscoelastic fluid circulating in a pulsatile way through a network of tubes and conclude that the heart rate is not optimized to transport blood through the whole net. Rather, actual resting heart rates of mammals happen at frequencies that optimize flow in vessels of radii that correspond to large arteries, which bring oxygenated blood rapidly far away from the heart, towards head and limbs. Our results for the...
The organism as bioreactor. Interpretation of the reduction law of metabolism in terms of heterogeneous catalysis and fractal structure. Organisms and bioreactors are open, dissipative systems in steady state. They are functionally equivalent with respect to turnover and kinetics, and structurally analogous with respect to fractal organization and self-similar scaling. As heterogeneous catalytic systems both are governed by interaction of mass transport and reaction. The structural equivalent to turbulence in the reactor, yielding high efficiency, is the fractal folding and branching of the transport systems of the organism. Dimensionally and in terms of fractals, organisms and reactors are therefore area-volume hybrids. The ph...
Dynamic strain similarity in vertebrates; an alternative to allometric limb bone scaling. Galileo (1638) observed that "nature cannot grow a tree nor construct an animal beyond a certain size, while retaining the proportions which suffice in the case of a smaller structure". However, subsequent measurement has shown that limb bone dimensions are scaled geometrically with body size (Alexander et al., 1979a), and that the material properties of their constituent bone tissue are similar in animals over a wide range of body weight (Sedlin & Hirsch, 1966; Yamada, 1970; Burstein et al., 1972; Biewener, 1982). If, as suggested in previous scaling arguments (McMahon, 1973; Biewener, 19...