Ultrasound in medicine & biology.
Publisher:
Pergamon Press.
Frequency: Twelve no. a year, 2001-
Country: England
Language: English
Author(s):
World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology.
Start Year:1973 -
ISSN:
0301-5629 (Print)
1879-291X (Electronic)
0301-5629 (Linking)
1879-291X (Electronic)
0301-5629 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.9
2022
| NLM ID: | 0410553 |
| (OCoLC): | 01789455 |
| (DNLM): | U01560000(s) |
| Coden: | USMBA3 |
| LCCN: | 73647303 |
| Classification: | W1 UL751 |
Protocol for Robust In Vivo Measurements of Erythrocyte Aggregation Using Ultrasound Spectroscopy. Erythrocyte aggregation is a non-specific marker of acute and chronic inflammation. Although it is usual to evaluate this phenomenon from blood samples analyzed in laboratory instruments, in vivo real-time assessment of aggregation is possible with spectral ultrasound techniques. However, variable blood flow can affect the interpretation of acoustic measures. Therefore, flow standardization is required. Two techniques of flow standardization were evaluated with porcine and equine blood samples in Couette flow. These techniques consisted in either stopping the flow or reducing it. Then, the se...
Thermally-mediated ultrasound-induced contraction of equine muscular arteries in vitro and an investigation of the associated cellular mechanisms. We have previously shown that MHz frequency ultrasound causes contraction of the carotid artery in vitro. We now extend this investigation to equine mesenteric arteries and investigate the cellular mechanisms. In vitro exposure of the large lateral cecal mesenteric artery to 4-min periods of 3.2 MHz continuous wave ultrasound at acoustic powers up to 145 mW induced reversible repeatable contraction. The magnitude of the response was linearly dependent on acoustic power and, at 145 mW, the mean increase in wall stress was 0.020 ± 0.017 mN/mm(2) (n = 34). These results are consistent with our p...
First application of axial speed of sound to follow up injured equine tendons. Ultrasonography is an established technique to follow up injured tendons, although the lesions' echogenicity tends to become normal before the tendon is ready to sustain the stresses imposed by exercise. Normalized axial speed of sound (SOS) has been found to correlate with an injured tendon's stiffness; therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish whether SOS would be a useful tool in tendon injury follow-up. Axial SOS was measured in 11 equine superficial digital flexor tendons during a 15-week follow-up period and compared with an ultrasonographic grading system. SOS significantly ...
The effect of variable waveform low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in a fourth metacarpal osteotomy gap model in horses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of variable waveform low-intensity ultrasound on the healing of a fracture gap of the fourth metacarpal bone in horses. A randomized, blinded, controlled trial was conducted in eight healthy adult horses. In each horse, a 1-cm osteotomy of the fourth metacarpal bone was created. One randomly selected metacarpal gap was treated daily with a 40-min session of ultrasound and the opposite gap was managed similarly with an inactive transducer. The fourth metacarpal bones were radiographed weekly. Fluorescent markers were administered at 14, 28...
A comparison of three-dimensional ultrasound, two-dimensional ultrasound and dissections for determination of lesion volume in tendons. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of a freehand three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasonography system in the determination of lesion volume in tendons. The accuracy and precision of a 3-D ultrasonography system was assessed by performing repeated measurements on a phantom of known volume. Volume measurements of tendon lesions performed with 3-D ultrasonography were compared with measurements based on a series of two-dimensional (2-D) ultrasound (US) scans and to direct measurements from dissections. A novel method for the creation of tendon lesions in vitro was devel...
The effects of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy on the ultrasonographic and histologic appearance of collagenase-induced equine forelimb suspensory ligament desmitis. Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) may stimulate healing of desmitis in multiple species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ultrasonographic and histologic appearance of collagenase-induced suspensory ligament (SUL) desmitis in untreated ligaments and ligaments treated with ESWT in horses. Four mature horses had SUL desmitis induced in both forelimbs. Beginning 3 weeks after induction of the lesions, one ligament per horse was treated 3 times at 3-week intervals with ESWT. The percent lesion, echogenicity and fiber alignment scores of the SULs were evaluated at 3-week inter...
Effect of trabecular orientation on mechanical resistance and ultrasound propagation in specimens of equine vertebrae. Osteoporosis involves alterations, not only in density, but also in the architectural organisation of the bone; in particular, trabecular orientation, following the skeletal load directions, lends a high degree of stiffness to the whole bone. We investigated the relationship between trabecular orientation, density, stiffness and ultrasound (US) propagation in two orthogonal directions (par. = parallel to, and ort. = orthogonal to the main orientation of the trabeculae) in cylindrical equine bone specimens (thoracic vertebrae) where a preferential orientation is present. A total of 15 cylinders...
On the ultrasonic properties of tendon. The strong dependence of tendon echogenicity on insonation angle is explored by analyzing echo spectra. Combining echo spectra with high-resolution images from several modalities reveals that fluid spaces surrounding fascicles and bundles are likely sources of ultrasonic scatter. Mathematical models of tendon structure are proposed to explain how the anisotropic microstructure of tendon gives rise to angle-dependent echogenicity. Echo spectra from spontaneously damaged equine tendon samples were compared with normal equine tendon and found to exhibit a dramatic decrease in anisotropic properti...
Effects of a sudden flow reduction on red blood cell rouleau formation and orientation using RF backscattered power. In most studies that were aimed at evaluating the kinetics of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, human blood was initially circulated at a high shear rate to disrupt the aggregates, and measurements were performed following a complete flow stoppage, during the process of rouleau formation. However, it is known that a very low shear rate can enhance the formation of aggregates, as demonstrated by the modal relationship of the shear-rate dependence of RBC aggregation. The objective of the present study was, thus, to evaluate the influence of sudden flow reductions compared to a complete flow stop...
Factors affecting the ultrasonic properties of equine digital flexor tendons. The velocity, attenuation and apparent backscattering coefficient of 6-11-MHz ultrasound were measured in three orthogonal directions in equine deep digital flexor (DDF) and superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendons at 0 degree C. Ultrasonic measurements were examined for correlation with tendon water, collagen, DNA and glycosaminoglycans contents, determined by chemical analyses and with structure observed by scanning electron microscopy. The SDF tendon contained more water, more DNA (i.e., more cells), less collagen and less glycosaminoglycans and exhibited lower velocities and attenuations t...