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Topic:Case Reports
Case reports in equine medicine provide detailed accounts of individual horses' clinical presentations, diagnostic processes, treatments, and outcomes. These reports are valuable for documenting rare conditions, novel treatment approaches, or unique clinical insights that may not be captured in larger studies. By focusing on individual cases, these reports contribute to the broader understanding of equine health and disease management. They often include comprehensive information on the horse's history, clinical findings, diagnostic tests, therapeutic interventions, and follow-up evaluations. This page assembles peer-reviewed case reports and scholarly articles that explore diverse aspects of equine health, offering insights into specific medical scenarios and their implications for veterinary practice.
Enterotoxemia in two foals. Two Quarter Horse foals from different premises died from enterotoxemia. Clostridium perfringens toxins alpha and beta were demonstrated in the foal's intestines by mouse protection tests. Clostridium perfringens type C was isolated from the intestines of each foal. Histologic examination revealed hemorrhage, necrosis, and massive numbers of C perfringens.
[Radiological and clinical considerations on navicular disease (author’s transl)]. The radiological and clinical interpretation of alterations of the navicular bone, the interaction of radiological and clinical symptoms in relation to the age of the animal, the influence of work-load on this interaction and the possibility of predicting navicular disease at an early stage are discussed. The discussion is based on experience in a study of 130 horses.
[Oesophageal diverticulum in a pony (author’s transl)]. A case of oesophageal diverticulum in a pony is reported. The diagnosis was established by clinical and X-ray examination (following administration of a contrast agent) and verified by post-mortem studies. The cause and pathogenesis are discussed.
Myxoma of the equine respiratory tract. Bronchial myxoma occurred in an aged Arab mare with longstanding respiratory disease wrongly attributed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Blood gas and maximum intrathoracic pressure change measurements were not consistent with this latter diagnosis, and this was supported by aerosol antigen provocation tests. Radiography demonstrated a hilar mass in the thorax, and this proved to be a myxoma at necropsy.
Blister beetle poisoning in horses. Case records of 21 horses with acute illness following ingestion of hay containing dead striped blister beetles (Epicauta spp) were selected for review. Abdominal pain, fever, depression, frequent urination, shock, and, occasionally, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter characterized clinical illness. Hematologic findings included hemoconcentration, neutrophilic leukocytosis, and hypocalcemia. Hematuria and low urine specific gravity were abnormal urinalysis results. Sloughing of the epithelium of the esophageal part of the stomach, hemorrhagic and ulcerative cystitis, enterocolitis, and myocardi...
Malignant medulloepithelioma of the optic nerve in a horse. An 18-month-old Standardbred filly had a large intraocular tumor involving the optic nerve. The tumor was a malignant medulloepithelioma, a rare intraocular neoplasm derived from the primitive medullary epithelium. By light microscopy the tumor had cords and lobules of primitive neuroepithelial cells that formed clefts and true rosettes. Electron microscopy of the rosettes showed a girdle of zonulae adherentes joining the apices of the cells as well as several basal bodies. This is the sixth report of equine intraocular medulloepithelioma, and, to the best of our knowledge, the first intraocul...
Tetralogy of Fallot and cranial mesenteric arteritis in a foal. A 5 month old colt foal with recurrent pyrexia and a loud pansystolic murmur later developed signs of cardiac failure. Peritoneal fluid and blood samples both demonstrated an extreme leucocytosis and neutrophilia. At post-mortem both a cranial mesenteric arteritis and the congenital cardiac anomaly, Tetralogy of Fallot were found. The detailed clinical and post-mortem findings contributing to the case are described.
Surgical treatment of osteomyelitis in the metacarpal and metatarsal bones of the horse. The case histories of four horses with osteomyelitis involving the metacarpal and metatarsal bones are reviewed and the surgical treatments discussed. The horses recovered after curettage of all infected tissue and post operative drainage. The role of antibiotics in treatment is considered and reference is made to the acute treatment of deep wounds to avoid osteomyelitis.
Use of Hexcelite for the immobilisation of the limbs of large animals. The use of a thermoplastic linear polyester polymer orthopaedic tape in the treatment of six horses, one donkey and a bull with a variety of orthopaedic problems requiring immobilisation of a limb is described.
A case of spermatic arteriovenous anastomosis in the horse. A large anastomosis of the spermatic artery and vein is described. This was found while surgically removing an abdominal testis. Before surgery the animal wanted to rear after exercise and could not stand on 3 legs for any length of time while being shod. This unusual behaviour disappeared after removal of the mass. The performance and conformation of the horse has also greatly improved.
Gastrict carcinoma with pseudohyperparathyroidism in a horse. Pseudohyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in a mature stallion presented for anorexia, weight loss, pollakiuria and constipation. Laboratory findings included hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, anemia and isosthenuria. Thoracocentesis indicated an exfoliating squamous cell carcinoma. At necropsy, a squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach with metastases to the abdominal and thoracic cavities was diagnosed. No osseous metastases were found. No gross or microscopic renal lesions were noted. Bone tissue showed arrested resorption, and the parathyroid gland was atrophic.
Neurologic signs and neuropathology associated with a case of equine infectious anemia. Neurologic signs and neuropathologic lesions associated with a case of equine infectious anemia in a 7 year old Quarter-horse mare were studied. Clinical signs included depression, disorientation, circling, knuckling at the fetlock and hypermetria. The neuropathologic lesions were characterized by a granulomatous ependymitis, subependymal encephalitis, choroiditis and hydrocephalus. These lesions were associated with signs of neurologic dysfunction which were the cause of the prominent clinical features.
Changes in the sustentaculum tali associated with distension of the tarsal sheath (thoroughpin). Results of the clinical and radiographic examination of 8 lame horses with tarsal sheath distension are described. In chronic cases pathological exostoses were identified radiographically in the sustentaculum tali and were demonstrated at post mortem in 4 of the horses which were destroyed. The prognosis and the feasibility of treatment are discussed in the light of these changes and the associated damage found at post mortem in the deep flexor tendon and its sheath. Trauma to the hock was known to have occurred in half the cases and was suspected in the others.
Tricuspid atresia in a foal. An Arabian crossbred foal was examined because of a suspected congenital cardiac anomaly. There was a grade V/V crescendo-decresendo holosystolic murmur and thrill in the left 4th intercostal space. The foal was slightly cyanotic and polycythemic. Electrocardiography suggested left ventricular hypertrophy. Angiography and cardiac and vascular pressure recordings led to a diagnosis of pulmonic stenosis. The foal died after cardiac bypass and corrective surgery. Postmortem examination revealed an enlarged right atrium, atresia of the tricuspid orifice, a large, fenestrated patent foramen ovale, ...
