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Topic:Disease Treatment
Disease treatment in horses encompasses a range of medical interventions and management strategies aimed at addressing various health conditions affecting equine species. These treatments can include pharmacological approaches, such as the administration of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antiparasitic medications, as well as non-pharmacological methods like physical therapy, dietary adjustments, and surgical procedures. The selection of appropriate treatments depends on the specific disease, its severity, and the individual needs of the horse. This topic brings together peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the efficacy, safety, and advancements in therapeutic options for equine diseases, providing insights into best practices and emerging trends in equine veterinary medicine.
Surgical correction of angular limb deformities in foals: a retrospective study. The outcome of surgical treatment of angular limb deformities in 29 foals was evaluated through long-term monitoring of athletic performance. Foals were placed into 1 of 2 groups, depending on the site of the angular limb deformity. In group 1 foals, the deformity involved the carpus of distal end of the radius. In group 2 foals, the deformity involved the distal end of the 3rd metacarpal or metatarsal bone. Group 1 contained 20 foals and group 2 contained 11 foals. Two foals were in both groups. Sixteen foals in group 1 and 4 foals in group 2 progressed to some form of athletic use. The under...
Management of umbilical hernias in cattle and horses. The medical records of 60 cattle and 47 horses treated for umbilical hernia at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine over a 3-year period were studied retrospectively. Age, hernia size, physical signs at admission, reducibility, method of repair, prevalence, and types of complications were evaluated. Most patients were less than 6 months old, with hernias less than 10 cm long. Affected cattle had a higher prevalence of organic diseases associated with umbilical hernias and more postsurgical complications than did affected horses.
A new analgesic drug combination in the horse. A xylazine and butorphanol drug combination produced minimal and transient hemodynamic effects and no significant respiratory depression when administered to 6 healthy horses. Combining xylazine and butorphanol produced a synergistic analgesic effect and provided good chemical restraint for a standing surgical procedure.
The spectrum of antiviral activities of acyclovir in vitro and in vivo. In vitro sensitivity data suggest that acyclovir should be effective against clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus and possibly Epstein-Barr virus. The clinical potential against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 is further supported by results in animal models. Human cytomegalovirus and the veterinary herpes viruses, with the possible exception of equine herpes virus type 1, may be insufficiently sensitive to be amenable to treatment.
The in vitro effects of EDTA-tris, EDTA-tris-lysozyme, and antimicrobial agents on equine genital isolants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Five isolants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from clinical cases of equine genital infection and one standard strain of P. aeruginosa were exposed to various concentrations of ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (tris buffer pH 8) and EDTA-tris lysozyme. Colony forming units of the isolants and minimal inhibitory concentrations for 11 antimicrobial agents were determined with each isolant before and after exposure to the EDTA solutions. Decreased cellular viability was found with all six isolants after exposure to the EDTA-tris solutions. Reversal...
Ivermectin: a potent new antiparasitic agent. Ivermectin is the 22,23-dihydro derivative of avermectin B1, a macrocyclic lactone produced by an actinomycete, Streptomyces avermitilis. It is active at extremely low dosage against a wide variety of nematode and arthropod parasites, apparently by virtue of its action on the mediation of neurotransmission by gamma-aminobutyric acid. It is now in commercial use in various countries for the treatment and control of parasites in cattle, horses, and sheep, and is expected to become available for use in swine and dogs. Since studies with the drug in man are in a preliminary stage, it is not yet kn...
Relative activities of acyclovir and BW759 against Aujeszky’s disease and equine rhinopneumonitis viruses. Compound BW759 (9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxymethyl]guanine) was shown to be about 230 times more active than acyclovir (9-[2-hydroxyethoxymethyl]guanine) (ACV) against Equid herpesvirus type 1 infection in Syrian hamsters and was more effective against Aujeszky's disease in mice. The therapeutic superiority of BW759 over ACV was greater than expected from quantitative inhibitory results in tissue culture with these viruses. When administered to hamsters at dose rates sufficient to prevent any Equid herpesvirus type 1-induced mortality (100 mg of ACV per kg per day; 3 mg of BW759 per kg...
Effect of isometamidium on infections by Trypanosoma vivax and T. evansi in experimentally-infected animals. Assays dealing with the therapeutic and prophylactic activity of isometamidium on experimental infections by Trypanosoma vivax and T. evansi were carried out. The drug was found to be highly effective against T. vivax infection in sheep and cattle in which periods of protection ranging from 118 to 195 days were achieved. No complete effects against infection by T. evansi were observed. The drug was well tolerated in sheep and cattle while side-effects were noted in treated mares. It was concluded that isometamidium could be used to prevent damage and economical losses caused by T. vivax in Ven...
The effect of altrenogest, an oral progestin, on hematologic and biochemical parameters in mares. Twenty mares were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: no altrenogest; altrenogest at 0.044 mg/kg BW; altrenogest at 0.132 mg/kg BW; or altrenogest at 0.220 mg/kg BW. Treatment was administered daily for 86 days. No signs of illness attributable to feeding altrenogest were observed during the trial. Treatment had no effect (P greater than .05) on the following parameters: WBC, differential WBC, platelet number, creatinine, LDH, CPK, total bilirubin, cholesterol, globulin, BSP, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. When comparing values over time with pretreatment means or among treatment groups, there wer...
[The treatment of a lung worm infection in ponies with albendazole (Valbazen)]. A report on infection with Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in a number of ponies and one horse in which complete clinical recovery was obtained following treatment with albendazole (Valbazen), administered by oral route at a dosage of 25 mg/kg of body weight twice daily for five days.
Evaluation of quantitative bacterial counts as an aid in the treatment of wounds in the horse. Bacterial quantification was evaluated in 15 cases as a means of wound assessment. This study suggests that bacterial quantification may be used as an aid in the evaluation of treatment procedures and wound preparation in veterinary surgery.
Traumatic patella fractures in the horse. Six cases of patella fractures are reported. Three horses presented an avulsion fracture of the medial patellar angle. For a precise diagnosis of this fracture a radiographic skyline view was indispensable; lateral views were not diagnostic. One of these horses recovered after three months' rest but radiographically the fracture remained visible. One horse with a comminuted fracture recovered after five months' rest. A case with a contaminated longitudinal patella fracture was destroyed. The sixth horse had a chip fracture of the dorsomedial part of the patella. The outcome of this case is unk...
