Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Topic:Disease
The study of diseases in horses encompasses a wide range of conditions affecting equine health, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and genetic abnormalities. These diseases can impact various systems within the horse, such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems, and can lead to significant health challenges. Research in this area focuses on understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of equine diseases. Common diseases studied include equine influenza, equine herpesvirus, and laminitis. This page provides access to peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the etiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies of diseases in horses, contributing to the advancement of equine veterinary medicine.
Aspects of genetics and disease in the horse. Dead or deformed foals produced by purebred parents represent an economic and emotional loss to the horse breeder. To avoid repeating production of such defective foals, the breeder may seek assistance in identifying the possible environmental or genetic causes for such animals. Only a few genetic diseases of the horse have been rigorously defined. Selected rare genetic diseases that prevent reproduction, cause the natural death or necessitate the humane destruction of a foal before it fulfills its intended purpose serve as examples for the definition of genetics of other deleterious diseases ...
Quantitative epidemiological studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait. Racehorses imported into Kuwait were tested for serum antibodies to Babesia equi and B. caballi by complement fixation (CF) and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests. The prevalence of B. equi was high (77.1% by IFA) whereas that of B. caballi was much lower (11.4%). Data for B. equi showed that infection was acquired after about 6 months at risk and that in the following 12 months animals had antibody levels detectable by both CF and IFA tests by 24 months the CF reaction was no longer detectable. Estimates of incidence and inoculation rates were calculated and found to be consistent with...
The effects of Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin in Shetland ponies–clinical, morphologic and clinicopathologic changes. Severe abdominal pain, classic colic signs and hemorrhagic gastro-entero-cecocolitis were induced in three conventional Shetland ponies by intravenous injection with Clostridium perfringens Type A enterotoxin. Histological examination showed marked congestion, edema and hemorrhage of the large and small intestine and sloughing of the tips of the intestinal villi. Marked vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes with dilatation of the spaces of Disse also was found. Clinical changes consisted of severe hypoglycemia, markedly increased aspartate aminotransferase levels and leukopenia that occurred ra...
Counselling for genetic diseases of horses. Dead or deformed foals produced by purebred parents represent an economic and emotional loss to the horse breeder. In order to avoid producing such defective foals in the future, the breeder may seek guidance in determining whether their origin is environmental or genetic. Only a few genetic diseases of horses have been rigorously defined. Selected, rare genetic diseases that prevent reproduction, cause the natural death, or necessitate the humane destruction of a foal before it fulfills its intended purpose serve as examples for collecting evidence to define the genetics of other deleterious ...
Conformation of Immunoglobulin M. III. Structural requirements of antigen for complement fixation by equine IgM. Complexes of IgM equine anti-dansyl antibodies and different dansyl substituted carriers were tested for their ability to fix complement (C). Only dansyl92-Ficoll and dansyl12-poly-L-lysine were found to be effective. Dansyl13-bovine serum albumin, dansyl127-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and reduced and alkylated dansyl10-ribonuclease were all ineffective. Lack of C fixation by the dansyl-ribonuclease was not due to lack of antibody-antigen complex formation, since binding at the concentrations employed for C fixation was established. However, in contrast, polymerized dansyl-ribonuclease (polydis...
Effect of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic disease on plasma amino acid patterns in the horse. Plasma amino acid patterns were studied in 6 clinically normal adult horses during the course of hepatic disease induced by feeding them plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids. At death, there were significant (P less than 0.01) increases in glutamine, proline, tyrosine, asparagine, lysine, histidine, alanine, phenylalanine, methionine, aspartic acid, and ornithine values. There were no significant changes in glycine, valine, isoleucine tryptophan, and arginine values. There were significant (P less than 0.01) decreases in citrulline. Ammonia increased 4-fold. Alpha-Aminoadipic acid and alp...
Bicipital bursitis in a mare. A case of bicipital bursitis in a six-year-old mare is described. The horse was presented with acute lameness, pyrexia and hot swelling over the right shoulder region. Although antibiotic treatment relieved these signs, a firm cold swelling remained which had to be removed by surgical resection and drainage.
Hydatidosis in donkeys in Morocco. The lungs and livers of 429 adult donkeys from different parts of Morocco were examined for hydatid cysts; 4·2% of lungs were infected and 2·1% of livers. Most of the cysts were small and had very hard thick walls; 61% of the donkeys had only one hydatid cyst; 78·5% of them were sterile and 29% caseated or calcified.
Rotavirus infection in foals. Fecal samples from 86 foals with diarrhea were examined by electron microscopy during a 2.5 year period. Of these, 26 (30%) were positive for rotavirus. All of the cases were found in epizootic areas. The disease was produced in an experimental foal by inoculation via stomach tube of a bacteria-free fecal filtrate containing rotavirus. Examination of postmortem tissues from the duodenum and jejunum of 2 naturally infected foals and an experimentally infected foal revealed replicating virus in the intestinal epithelial cells. A limited survey of complement-fixing antibody to rotavirus in horses...
Response of pregnant mares to equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV1). Twenty-one pregnant mares were inoculated with EHV1. Nineteen became infected as evidenced by clinical signs and/or viremia but only one mare aborted a virus-infected fetus. The viremias were leukocyte-associated and appeared to be non-productive, latent infections of these cells. Infectivity, detectable by cocultivation, persisted in the circulating leukocytes for as long as 9 days without resulting in abortion. The data suggest that it is extremely difficult to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines in preventing EHV1 (Rhinopneumonitis) abortion due to the paucity of non-exposed mares, lack of te...
Treatment of fibrosarcoma in a horse. A surgically excised tumour from the thoracic wall of a hunter mare was diagnosed as a fibrosarcoma on histological examination. Its recurrence necessitated further surgery 6 weeks later. Because of the invasive nature of the lesion a prolonged course of chemotherapy was administered postoperatively. The tumour did not recur a second time.
Nocardia brasiliensis in a horse with pneumonia and pleuritis. A 15 month-old Quarter Horse colt developed severe bacterial pneumonia and effusive pleuritis. A beta-hemolytic streptococcus was isolated from a tracheal wash specimen but the colt died despite conventional therapy. The gross post mortem and histologic lesions were characteristic of pulmonary nocardiosis. Nocardia brasiliensis was isolated from the lung and bronchial lymph node.
Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from selected animal species. Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from 5 of 1,002 fecal samples taken from laboratory rats and mice, hamsters, dogs, cats, pigs, cattle, horses, and deer. Two isolates were from dogs (2 of 202; 1%) and 1 from a pig (1 of 107; 0.9%). The 3 isolates were biotype 1. Atypical environmental Y enterocolitica was isolated from a cow (1 of 141; 0.7%) and a horse (1 of 101; 1%). Isolates were not recovered from the other animal species.
Volvulus of the large colon in the horse. Volvulus of the large colon was diagnosed at surgery in 25 horses during a 4-year period. Two horses had a recurrence of the condition after successful correction. Mucosal necrosis was found to be a grave prognostic sign, as it was a consistent finding in horses that died at the time of surgery. Long-term colon dysfunction was not clinically evident in surviving horses.
