Topic:Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is important in various physiological processes in horses. It is involved in the synthesis of red blood cells, the maintenance of the nervous system, and the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. Horses obtain Vitamin B12 primarily through microbial synthesis in the gut, as well as from dietary sources. Deficiencies in Vitamin B12 can lead to anemia and neurological issues in horses. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the absorption, metabolism, and clinical implications of Vitamin B12 in equine health.
Determination of vitamin B12 in equine urine by liquid chromatography – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry. Regulating authorities in the racing industry have restricted the administration of potentially performance enhancing cobalt salts to horses. There are severe penalties for trainers presenting horses with elevated urine cobalt concentrations, and compliance is ensured via analysis of total urinary cobalt at thresholds of 100 μg/L. When cobalt is present as part of the cobalamin molecule it is not considered performance enhancing. This paper demonstrates that a horse can excrete a significant proportion of a commercially available vitamin B12 injection in urine without metabolic modification...
Vitamins and other metabolites in various sera commonly used for cell culturing. Many cell culture media use different sera to enhance growth. We assayed vitamins and some related metabolites in different sera and identified the concentration of: thiamin, biotin, folates, riboflavin, pantothenates, nicotinates, vitamins B6, B12, A, E, C, and carotenes and some related metabolites: biopterins, free inositol, free and total choline, total carnitines in chicken, horse, rabbit, goat, pig, calf, newborn calf, fetal calf and human sera. Results indicate that vitamin and metabolite content of different sera vary. Such variations could produce fluctuant effects on cell culturings ...
Dietary requirements and athletic performance of horses. There is no clear evidence that the chronic requirement for any non-energy yielding nutrient rises in proportion as the energy requirement increases with hard work. The need for protein, and probably that for calcium, remain a function of bodyweight daily. Some proportionality with energy may exist for certain nutrients, although the evidence has not been adduced. For example, because of an increase in both the proportion and amount of propionic acid in the volatile fatty acids of caecal contents, the tissue requirement for vitamin B12 may rise with an increase in the rate of energy metabolism...
Blood vitamin and choline concentrations in healthy domestic cats, dogs, and horses. Blood concentrations of thiamin, biotin, nicotinates, pantothenates, folates, riboflavin, vitamins A, B6, B12, C, E, beta-carotene and choline were analyzed in healthy animals (23 horses, 25 dogs, and 29 cats). B-Complex vitamins and choline also were analyzed in the liver of the dogs and cats. Vitamin concentrations in the blood and livers of dogs were similar; however, blood vitamin A and beta-carotene concentrations were lower in the cat than in the dog. Horses had a higher B12 blood concentration than did the dogs and cats. These data can be useful for detecting overt and hidden vitamin de...
Serum and red cell folate and serum vitamin B12 levels in horses. Vitamin B12 and folate concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay in groups of horses in Queensland. Highest serum vitamin B12 levels were found in supplemented performance horses. These, together with pastured horses that included pregnant and lactating mares, had significantly greater serum folate activity than permanently stabled animals. The range of red cell folate concentrations was much narrower in horses in training than from any other group. Red cell folate may be a better indicator of a horse's folate status than the serum folate value. Vitamin B12 and folate concentrations w...
Cobalt metabolism in horse. Serum level and biosynthesis of vitamin B12. The levels of serum vitamin B were determined on 16 mature partly warm-blooded, partly Finnish rural-race horses by the radioisotopic competitive inhibition assay method. The mean value from three samplings carried out in dupli- or triplicate was 1.54 ± 0.16 ng/ml. The utilization of serum inorganic cobalt for cyanocobalamin synthesis was studied on two geldings, which received a dose of 200 µCi CoGl i.v. A Sephadex G-100 gel filtration was carried out with the serum proteins from serial blood samplings at different time intervals 15 min. to 48 hrs. after administration. The gel filtration s...