A 4,103 marker integrated physical and comparative map of the horse genome.
Abstract: A comprehensive second-generation whole genome radiation hybrid (RH II), cytogenetic and comparative map of the horse genome (2n = 64) has been developed using the 5000rad horse x hamster radiation hybrid panel and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The map contains 4,103 markers (3,816 RH; 1,144 FISH) assigned to all 31 pairs of autosomes and the X chromosome. The RH maps of individual chromosomes are anchored and oriented using 857 cytogenetic markers. The overall resolution of the map is one marker per 775 kilobase pairs (kb), which represents a more than five-fold improvement over the first-generation map. The RH II incorporates 920 markers shared jointly with the two recently reported meiotic maps. Consequently the two maps were aligned with the RH II maps of individual autosomes and the X chromosome. Additionally, a comparative map of the horse genome was generated by connecting 1,904 loci on the horse map with genome sequences available for eight diverse vertebrates to highlight regions of evolutionarily conserved syntenies, linkages, and chromosomal breakpoints. The integrated map thus obtained presents the most comprehensive information on the physical and comparative organization of the equine genome and will assist future assemblies of whole genome BAC fingerprint maps and the genome sequence. It will also serve as a tool to identify genes governing health, disease and performance traits in horses and assist us in understanding the evolution of the equine genome in relation to other species.
Copyright 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Publication Date: 2008-10-14 PubMed ID: 18931483PubMed Central: PMC2587302DOI: 10.1159/000151313Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- N.I.H.
- Intramural
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
Summary
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The researchers developed an advanced map of the horse genome, including physical and comparative aspects, using a second-generation radiation hybrid technique. This comprehensive chart includes information on all of the horse’s chromosomes with an overall resolution of one marker per 775 kilobase pairs.
Research Methodology
- The team utilized a second-generation whole genome radiation hybrid (RH II), which is a technique aimed at mapping the location of genes present within a genome. They specifically used a 5000rad horse x hamster radiation hybrid panel in this process.
- In conjunction with the hybrid technique, they also employed a cytogenetic mapping technique using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to assign markers to all 31 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) and the X chromosome in the horse genome.
Results of the Study
- Total, they were able to identify 4,103 markers (3,816 RH and 1,144 FISH) within the genome.
- The radiation hybrid maps for individual chromosomes were anchored and oriented using 857 cytogenetic markers.
- The map has an overall resolution of one marker per 775 kilobase pairs (kb), thus, achieving over five-fold improvement from the first-generation map.
- The team was able to align the two recently reported meiotic maps with their radiation hybrid results, which share 920 markers.
Comparative Mapping
- Part of the work carried out was the development of a comparative horse genome map. This was achieved by connecting 1,904 loci from the primary map with genome sequences from eight other diverse vertebrates.
- The researchers used this process to highlight areas of evolutionary conserved synteny (genes located on the same chromosome), linkages and chromosomal breakpoints.
Significance of the Study
- This integrated map presents the most comprehensive details about the physical and comparative makeup of the equine genome.
- It’s expected to prove useful for future assemblies of whole genome BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes) fingerprint maps and genome sequences.
- The map will also serve as a key resource for identifying genes related to health, disease, and performance traits in horses.
- Lastly, the study will aid in our understanding of the evolution of the horse genome in relation to other species.
Cite This Article
APA
Raudsepp T, Gustafson-Seabury A, Durkin K, Wagner ML, Goh G, Seabury CM, Brinkmeyer-Langford C, Lee EJ, Agarwala R, Stallknecht-Rice E, Schäffer AA, Skow LC, Tozaki T, Yasue H, Penedo MC, Lyons LA, Khazanehdari KA, Binns MM, MacLeod JN, Distl O, Guérin G, Leeb T, Mickelson JR, Chowdhary BP.
(2008).
A 4,103 marker integrated physical and comparative map of the horse genome.
Cytogenet Genome Res, 122(1), 28-36.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000151313 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. traudsepp@cvm.tamu.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Chromosome Mapping / methods
- Chromosome Mapping / veterinary
- Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial / genetics
- Cytogenetics
- Genetic Markers
- Horses / genetics
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / veterinary
- Lod Score
- Physical Chromosome Mapping / veterinary
- Radiation Hybrid Mapping / veterinary
- Species Specificity
Grant Funding
- Z99 LM999999 / Intramural NIH HHS
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