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A biomechanical comparison of double-plate and Y-plate fixation for comminuted equine second phalangeal fractures.
Abstract: To compare the biomechanical properties, in full limb preparations, of intact second phalanx and a simulated comminuted second phalangeal fracture stabilized with either two bone plates or a custom Y-plate. Methods: In vitro biomechanical assessment of intact limbs and of paired limbs with a simulated second phalangeal fracture stabilized by one of two fixation methods. Animal Population-Thirteen pairs of equine cadaveric forelimbs. Methods: A comminuted second phalangeal fracture was created in six paired cadaveric limbs. For each limb pair, the fracture was stabilized with two plates in one limb, and with a Y-plate in the contralateral limb. These limbs and seven pairs of intact limbs were subjected to axial compression in a single cycle until failure. Mechanical properties were compared with a mixed-model ANOVA and post hoc contrasts. Joint contact pressure, screw insertion torque, and final screw torque remaining after mechanical testing were also evaluated for constructs. Results: No significant differences in mechanical testing variables were detected between construct types. However, the Y-Plate construct had significantly greater yield load, yield displacement and yield energy, and failure load and stiffness values than those for intact specimens, whereas the double-plate construct only had greater stiffness than intact specimens. There were no significant differences in joint contact pressures for both constructs. The final screw torque for proximal phalangeal screws was significantly greater for the Y-plate constructs than for double-plate constructs. Conclusions: The Y-plate was as effective as the double-plate technique for stabilization of simulated comminuted second phalangeal fractures in monotonically tested equine cadaveric forelimbs. Conclusions: This investigation supports evaluation of the Y-plate for repair of comminuted second phalangeal fractures in equine patients. Its specific design may facilitate repair of second phalangeal fractures, and may provide increased stability by allowing the proximal fragments of the second phalanx to be fixed with three screws placed through the plate.
Publication Date: 2000-03-24 PubMed ID: 10730708DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2000.00152.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article compares the biomechanical efficiency of stabilizing equine second phalangeal fractures using two different methods – the double-plate and the Y-plate. The Y-plate was found to be as effective as the double-plate, displaying greater yield load, yield displacement and yield energy, and offering increased stability.
Research Methodology
- In this study, a total of thirteen pairs of equine cadaveric forelimbs were used.
- Simulated comminuted second phalangeal fractures were created in six pairs of these limbs.
- In each fractured limb pair, one was stabilized using two plates while the contralateral limb was stabilized with a Y-plate.
- These fractured and stabilized limbs along with seven pairs of intact limbs were tested under axial compression until failure.
- The mechanical properties of both types of stabilization methods were then compared using mixed-model ANOVA and post hoc contrasts tests.
- The researchers also assessed joint contact pressure, screw insertion torque, and final screw torque after mechanical testing.
Research Findings
- The study found no significant differences in the biomechanical testing variables between the double-plate and Y-plate methods.
- However, the Y-plate method showed several advantages over the double-plate technique. It had a significantly greater yield load, yield displacement, yield energy, failure load, and stiffness than the intact specimens. The double-plate method only displayed greater stiffness than intact specimens.
- There were no significant differences in terms of joint contact pressure between both methods.
- The final screw torque for the proximal phalangeal screws was significantly greater for the Y-plate construct than for the double-plate constructs.
Conclusions
- The Y-plate was found to be as effective as the double-plate technique in stabilizing the simulated fractures in the equine forelimbs.
- The Y-plate also showed potential advantages in specific design benefits. It may allow for the repair of second phalangeal fractures by enabling three screws to be placed through the plate, thus potentially providing increased stability.
- The findings suggest further evaluation of the Y-plate method in repairing comminuted second phalangeal fractures in equines.
Cite This Article
APA
Galuppo LD, Stover SM, Willits NH.
(2000).
A biomechanical comparison of double-plate and Y-plate fixation for comminuted equine second phalangeal fractures.
Vet Surg, 29(2), 152-162.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2000.00152.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- J.D. Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Bone Plates / veterinary
- Cadaver
- Female
- Forelimb / injuries
- Forelimb / surgery
- Fracture Fixation / veterinary
- Fractures, Bone / surgery
- Fractures, Bone / veterinary
- Horses / injuries
- Horses / surgery
- Male
- Random Allocation
- Toes / injuries
- Toes / surgery
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Spadari A, Forni G, Del Magno S, Tagliavia C, Canova M, Grandis A, Rinnovati R. The Comparison of Latero-Medial versus Dorso-Palmar/Plantar Drilling for Cartilage Removal in the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jun 21;11(6).
- Li G, Liu S, Chen G, Li Z, Liu Y, Sun G, Lu Q, Li X, Tan J, Guan M. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Phalangeal Fracture Treated with Dorsolateral Approach or Post-middle Approach Using AO Mini Titanium Plate. Indian J Surg 2015 Dec;77(Suppl 2):657-61.
- Rocconi RA, Carmalt JL, Sampson SN, Elder SH, Gilbert EE. Comparison of limited-contact dynamic compression plate and locking compression plate constructs for proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis in the horse. Can Vet J 2015 Jun;56(6):615-9.
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