A comparison of two techniques for arthrocentesis of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint.

This research article explores and compares two techniques for arthrocentesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint in horses. The study found that using the collateral sesamoidean ligament method results in less haemorrhagic synovial fluid samples, decreased inflammation and an increased amount of synovial fluid in comparison to the proximal palmar pouch method.

Study Method & Design

• The study was carried out on 16 horses, from which initial synovial fluid samples were collected 12 to 15 hours before euthanasia.
• Two different methods for arthrocentesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint were evaluated: the proximal palmar pouch approach and the lateral collateral sesamoidean ligament approach. Each method was used on opposite forelimbs in each horse for comparison.
• Further synovial fluid samples were taken from the same joints at the time of necropsy, and associated areas such as the subcutis, synovium and articular cartilage were also examined.

Findings

• The main outcome of the study was that arthrocentesis through the collateral sesamoidean ligament resulted in fewer haemorrhagic (bloody) synovial fluid samples compared to the proximal palmar pouch approach.
• Additionally, the collateral sesamoidean ligament method resulted in less subcutaneous and synovial inflammation.
• The research further noted that the collateral sesamoidean ligament method more frequently yielded 2 ml of synovial fluid.

Interpretation

• The results of this study suggest that the collateral sesamoidean ligament approach for arthrocentesis of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint is potentially superior to the proximal palmar pouch approach due to several advantages.
• These advantages include less haemorrhagic activity in the synovial fluid samples, decreased subcutaneous and synovial inflammation, and a more consistent yield of synovial fluid.
• As a result, the collateral sesamoidean ligament approach could potentially provide a safer and more effective method for equine arthrocentesis.