A cross-sectional study of geriatric horses in the United Kingdom. Part 1: Demographics and management practices.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This study examined the demographics and management practices of geriatric horses (aged 15 years and above) in the UK, contributing important information for veterinary medicine focused on aged horses. It revealed that geriatric horses make up 29% of the population and their exercise and feeding practices alter significantly with advancing age.
Objective and Methodology
This research was carried out to describe the demographic characteristics of the geriatric horse population in the UK and evaluate the husbandry practices performed by their owners. This was done via a cross-sectional study in which a random sample of owners with horses aged 15 years and above were surveyed. The survey was conducted through a postal questionnaire, ensuring a wide participation from different geographic locations.
Findings of the study
- Horses aged 15 years and above accounted for 29% of the equine population in the area studied.
- The questionnaire achieved a high response rate of 80.2%, thus providing a representative sample for analysis.
- Management practices for geriatric horses were found to be similar to those applied to the general equine population. But notable changes were observed in exercise and feeding routines as the horses aged.
Significance and Impact of the Study
Understanding the demographics and management practices for geriatric horses provides valuable insights for veterinarians and horsecare professionals. The level of care, exercise and feeding routines directly impacts a geriatric horse’s health and welfare.
- This research offers vital data for the formation of targeted owner education programs in geriatric horsecare. The information can guide owners on changes needed in care routines as their horses age.
- The study’s findings will assist in the prediction and prevention of diseases commonly seen in aged horses, increasing the effectiveness of veterinary care for this portion of the equine population.
Cite This Article
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, and Department of Comparative Molecular Medicine, School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. j.ireland@liverpool.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Aging / physiology
- Animal Feed
- Animal Husbandry / methods
- Animal Welfare
- Animals
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Data Collection
- Dietary Supplements
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Male
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- United Kingdom
Citations
This article has been cited 20 times.- Kelemen Z, Grimm H, Long M, Auer U, Jenner F. Recumbency as an Equine Welfare Indicator in Geriatric Horses and Horses with Chronic Orthopaedic Disease. Animals (Basel) 2021 Nov 8;11(11).
- Smith R, Pinchbeck G, McGowan C, Ireland J, Perkins E. Caring for the Older Horse: A Conceptual Model of Owner Decision Making. Animals (Basel) 2021 May 2;11(5).
- Deng L, Shi S, Li J, Tang C, Han Y, Xie P. A Survey of Smallholder Farms Regarding Demographics, Health Care, and Management Factors of Donkeys in Northeastern China. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:626622.
- Ribitsch I, Oreff GL, Jenner F. Regenerative Medicine for Equine Musculoskeletal Diseases. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jan 19;11(1).
- Tatum RC, McGowan CM, Dean RS, Ireland JL. Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction: Identifying research priorities for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis through a priority setting partnership. PLoS One 2021;16(1):e0244784.
- Morrison PK, Newbold CJ, Jones E, Worgan HJ, Grove-White DH, Dugdale AH, Barfoot C, Harris PA, Argo CM. Effect of age and the individual on the gastrointestinal bacteriome of ponies fed a high-starch diet. PLoS One 2020;15(5):e0232689.
- Pollard D, Wylie CE, Verheyen KLP, Newton JR. Identification of modifiable factors associated with owner-reported equine laminitis in Britain using a web-based cohort study approach. BMC Vet Res 2019 Feb 12;15(1):59.
- Murray JMD, Hanna E, Hastie P. Equine dietary supplements: an insight into their use and perceptions in the Irish equine industry. Ir Vet J 2018;71:4.
- Horseman SV, Buller H, Mullan S, Whay HR. Current Welfare Problems Facing Horses in Great Britain as Identified by Equine Stakeholders. PLoS One 2016;11(8):e0160269.
- Rogers CW, Bolwell CF, Gee EK. Proactive Management of the Equine Athlete. Animals (Basel) 2012 Dec 19;2(4):640-55.
- McGowan C. Welfare of Aged Horses. Animals (Basel) 2011 Oct 31;1(4):366-76.
- Scantlebury CE, Perkins E, Pinchbeck GL, Archer DC, Christley RM. Could it be colic? Horse-owner decision making and practices in response to equine colic. BMC Vet Res 2014;10 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S1.
- Boden LA, Parkin TD, Yates J, Mellor D, Kao RR. An online survey of horse-owners in Great Britain. BMC Vet Res 2013 Sep 28;9:188.
- Boden LA, Parkin TD, Yates J, Mellor D, Kao RR. Summary of current knowledge of the size and spatial distribution of the horse population within Great Britain. BMC Vet Res 2012 Apr 4;8:43.
- Schott HC 2nd, Strachota JR, Marteniuk JV, Refsal KR. Long-Term Response of Equids With Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction to Treatment With Pergolide. J Vet Intern Med 2025 May-Jun;39(3):e70109.
- Visser EK, Jens AL, Nieuwe Weme LE, Spaapen AA, Maarleveld KN, Enzerink KH, Tromp PN, Haven-Pross SC. Assessing Equine Behavioural Responses in Equine-Assisted Services: A Field Study Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2025 Feb 25;15(5).
- Smith R, Pinchbeck G, McGowan C, Ireland J, Perkins E. Challenges for the veterinary profession: A grounded theory study of veterinarians' experiences of caring for older horses. Equine Vet J 2025 Jul;57(4):1053-1064.
- Grandgeorge M, Lerch N, Delarue A, Hausberger M. From Human Perception of Good Practices to Horse (Equus Caballus) Welfare: Example of Equine-Assisted Activities. Animals (Basel) 2024 Sep 2;14(17).
- Smith R, Pinchbeck G, McGowan C, Ireland J, Perkins E. Becoming a matter of veterinary concern. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1355996.
- de Preux M, Precht C, Guevar J, Graubner C, Thenhaus-Schnabel S, Buser L, Lukes A, Koch C. A transmandibular lateral transsphenoidal navigated surgical approach to access a pituitary macroadenoma in a warmblood mare. Vet Q 2024 Dec;44(1):1-10.