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Home / Equine Research Bank / Asian-Australas J Anim Sci / A Genome-wide Scan for Selective Sweeps in Racing Horses.
Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences2015; 28(11); 1525-1531; doi: 10.5713/ajas.14.0696

A Genome-wide Scan for Selective Sweeps in Racing Horses.

Abstract: Using next-generation sequencing, we conducted a genome-wide scan of selective sweeps associated with selection toward genetic improvement in Thoroughbreds. We investigated potential phenotypic consequence of putative candidate loci by candidate gene association mapping for the finishing time in 240 Thoroughbred horses. We found a significant association with the trait for Ral GApase alpha 2 (RALGAP2) that regulates a variety of cellular processes of signal trafficking. Neighboring genes around RALGAP2 included insulinoma-associated 1 (INSM1), pallid (PLDN), and Ras and Rab interactor 2 (RIN2) genes have similar roles in signal trafficking, suggesting that a co-evolving gene cluster located on the chromosome 22 is under strong artificial selection in racehorses.
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Publication Date: 2015-09-04 PubMed ID: 26333666PubMed Central: PMC4647090DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0696Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the genetic aspects that contribute to the improved physical ability and finishing times in racehorses, discovering a significant association with the RALGAP2 gene and a cluster of similar genes on chromosome 22.

Research Objective and Methodology

  • This study aimed to understand the genetic factors associated with selection toward genetic improvement in Thoroughbred horses, specifically targeting their racing performance.
  • The researchers used next-generation sequencing, a method that provides rapid, cost-effective, accurate, and detailed genome information. This allowed them to conduct a genome-wide scan for instances of selective sweeps, which are reductions in genetic variation due to selective breeding.
  • The study involved 240 Thoroughbred horses and mapped potential phenotypic consequences (physical characteristics) associated with selective sweeps by focusing on candidate genes and their association with finishing times in these horses.

Findings and Significance

  • The research revealed a significant correlation between the trait of fast finishing time and the gene known as Ral GApase alpha 2 (RALGAP2). This gene regulates a variety of cellular processes involving signal trafficking, which plays a crucial role in the cell’s response to external stimuli and overall functioning.
  • Other genes found in the vicinity of RALGAP2 – insulinoma-associated 1 (INSM1), pallid (PLDN), and Ras and Rab interactor 2 (RIN2) – were discovered to have similar roles in signal trafficking. This suggests the presence of a gene cluster located on chromosome 22 that could be under strong artificial selection in racehorses.
  • Artificial selection here refers to the human-driven selection of specific desirable traits in the breeding process. The selection of these traits leads to genetic changes within the population – in this case, faster racehorses.
  • This study’s findings can contribute to a greater understanding of horse genetics, potentially enhancing Thoroughbred horse breeding, performance, and care strategies. Moreover, it also provides further insights into the field of genomics by demonstrating the impact of selective breeding on the genetic composition of a species over time.

Cite This Article

APA
Moon S, Lee JW, Shin D, Shin KY, Kim J, Choi IY, Kim J, Kim H. (2015). A Genome-wide Scan for Selective Sweeps in Racing Horses. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 28(11), 1525-1531. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.14.0696

Publication

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences
ISSN: 1011-2367
NlmUniqueID: 9884245
Country: Korea (South)
Language: English
Volume: 28
Issue: 11
Pages: 1525-1531

Researcher Affiliations

Moon, Sunjin
  • Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Lee, Jin Woo
  • Horse Registry, Korea Racing Authority (KRA), Gwacheon 427-711, Korea.
Shin, Donghyun
  • Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Shin, Kwang-Yun
  • Institute for Livestock Promotion, Jeju 690-802, Korea.
Kim, Jun
  • Institute for Livestock Promotion, Jeju 690-802, Korea.
Choi, Ik-Young
  • Genome analysis center, National Instrumentation and Environmental Management (NICEM), Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
Kim, Jaemin
  • Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Kim, Heebal
  • Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea ; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea ; C&K Genomics, Seoul 151-742, Korea.

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Citations

This article has been cited 13 times.
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