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Home / Equine Research Bank / Mamm Genome / A high-resolution physical map of equine homologs of HSA19 s...
Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society2005; 16(8); 631-649; doi: 10.1007/s00335-005-0023-1

A high-resolution physical map of equine homologs of HSA19 shows divergent evolution compared with other mammals.

Abstract: A high-resolution (1 marker/700 kb) physically ordered radiation hybrid (RH) and comparative map of 122 loci on equine homologs of human Chromosome 19 (HSA19) shows a variant evolution of these segments in equids/Perissodactyls compared with other mammals. The segments include parts of both the long and the short arm of horse Chromosome 7 (ECA7), the proximal part of ECA21, and the entire short arm of ECA10. The map includes 93 new markers, of which 89 (64 gene-specific and 25 microsatellite) were genotyped on a 5000-rad horse x hamster RH panel, and 4 were mapped exclusively by FISH. The orientation and alignment of the map was strengthened by 21 new FISH localizations, of which 15 represent genes. The approximately sevenfold-improved map resolution attained in this study will prove extremely useful for candidate gene discovery in the targeted equine chromosomal regions. The highlight of the comparative map is the fine definition of homology between the four equine chromosomal segments and corresponding HSA19 regions specified by physical coordinates (bp) in the human genome sequence. Of particular interest are the regions on ECA7 and ECA21 that correspond to the short arm of HSA19-a genomic rearrangement discovered to date only in equids/Perissodactyls as evidenced through comparative Zoo-FISH analysis of the evolution of ancestral HSA19 segments in eight mammalian orders involving about 50 species.
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Publication Date: 2005-09-14 PubMed ID: 16180145DOI: 10.1007/s00335-005-0023-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on creating a high-resolution physical map of certain horse chromosomes which are homologous to the 19th human chromosome. The horse chromosomes display a unique evolutionary pattern compared to other mammals.

High-resolution physical and comparative map

  • The researchers made a physically ordered radiation hybrid (RH) and a comparative map of 122 loci, or fixed positions on a chromosome, on equine homologs of human Chromosome 19 (HSA19).
  • These loci are found on parts of horse chromosome 7 (both long and short arm), the proximal part of horse chromosome 21, and the entire short arm of horse chromosome 10.
  • The map included 93 new markers, 89 of which were genotyped on a 5000-rad horse x hamster RH panel and 4 were exclusively mapped through a technique called Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH).

Orientation and alignment strengthening

  • 21 new FISH localizations were accomplished to strengthen the orientation and alignment of the map, of which 15 represent various genes.

Potential use of the map

  • The enhanced map resolution achieved by this study is especially useful for candidate gene discovery in targeted equine chromosomal regions.

Defining homology and identifying genomic rearrangements

  • The comparative map provides a detailed definition of homology, or sharing the same ancestry, between the four equine chromosomal segments and correlating HSA19 regions that were defined by physical coordinates in the human genome.
  • Examining regions on horse chromosomes 7 and 21 showed that they correspond to the short arm of HSA19, revealing a genomic rearrangement that occurs only in equids or Perissodactyls (members of the order of odd-toed ungulates).
  • This rearrangement has been identified through comparative Zoo-FISH analysis of the evolution of ancestral HSA19 segments in eight mammalian orders, involving approximately 50 species.

Cite This Article

APA
Brinkmeyer-Langford C, Raudsepp T, Lee EJ, Goh G, Schäffer AA, Agarwala R, Wagner ML, Tozaki T, Skow LC, Womack JE, Mickelson JR, Chowdhary BP. (2005). A high-resolution physical map of equine homologs of HSA19 shows divergent evolution compared with other mammals. Mamm Genome, 16(8), 631-649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00335-005-0023-1

Publication

Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
ISSN: 0938-8990
NlmUniqueID: 9100916
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 8
Pages: 631-649

Researcher Affiliations

Brinkmeyer-Langford, Candice
  • Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA.
Raudsepp, Terje
    Lee, Eun-Joon
      Goh, Glenda
        Schäffer, Alejandro A
          Agarwala, Richa
            Wagner, Michelle L
              Tozaki, Teruaki
                Skow, Loren C
                  Womack, James E
                    Mickelson, James R
                      Chowdhary, Bhanu P

                        MeSH Terms

                        • Animals
                        • Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial
                        • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics
                        • Evolution, Molecular
                        • Genetic Markers
                        • Genome
                        • Horses / genetics
                        • Humans
                        • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
                        • Mammals / genetics
                        • Metaphase
                        • Microsatellite Repeats
                        • Physical Chromosome Mapping
                        • Radiation Hybrid Mapping

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