A pendulum test as a tool to evaluate viscous friction parameters in the equine fetlock joint.
Abstract: An equine fetlock joint pendulum test was studied and the influence of post mortem time and intra-articular lipid solvent on the viscous frictional response examined. Fresh equine digits (group 1, n=6 controls; group 2, n=6 lipid solvent) were mounted on a pendulum tribometer. Assuming that pendular joint damping could be modelled by a harmonic oscillator fluid damping (HOFD), damping time (τ), viscous damping coefficient (c) and friction coefficient (μ) were monitored for 5h under experimental conditions (400N; 20°C). In all experiments, pendular joint damping was found to follow an exponential decay function (R(2)=0.99714), which confirmed that joint damping was fluid. The evolution of τ, c and μ was found to be significantly (P<0.05) different in the two groups, with a decrease in τ and an increase in c and μ that was faster and more prominent in digits from group 2. It was concluded that pendular joint damping could be modelled by a HOFD model. The influence of post mortem time on results suggested that, ideally, joint mechanical properties should only be tested on fresh cadavers at the same post mortem time. Moreover, the addition of lipid solvent was found to be responsible for upper viscous friction parameters and for a reduced damping time, which suggested that articular lubricating ability was compromised. This equine pendulum test could be used to test the efficacy of various bio-lubricant treatments.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2010-04-21 PubMed ID: 20413334DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.03.016Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research paper focuses on a pendulum test used to evaluate the viscous friction parameters in the fetlock joint of a horse, demonstrating its potential use to test the efficacy of various bio-lubricant treatments.
Objective and Methodology
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of time after death and the addition of a lipid solvent on the viscous friction parameters of a horse’s fetlock joint. These factors were investigated using an equine fetlock pendulum test.
- Horse digits from two groups were used in this study. Group 1 (Control, n=6) and Group 2 (Lipid Solvent, n=6) were mounted on a pendulum tribometer, a device used to measure the friction coefficient between surfaces.
- The researchers examined damping time (τ), viscous damping coefficient (c), and friction coefficient (μ) under experimental conditions (400N; 20°C) for a period of 5 hours.
Results
- In all experiments, pendular joint damping followed an exponential decay function which confirmed that joint damping is fluid.
- The study found significant differences when comparing τ, c, and μ between the two groups. Specifically, there was a decrease in τ and an observable increase in both c and μ that was faster and more pronounced in the group 2 digits.
- These findings strengthened the concept that pendular joint damping, a method of evaluating the stress and strain on the joint, can effectively be modeled with a Harmonic Oscillator Fluid Damping (HOFD) model.
Implications & Recommendations
- Based on the influence of post-mortem time on results, the study proposed that joint mechanical properties should ideally be tested on fresh cadavers at the same post-mortem time.
- Also, it concluded that the lipid solvent addition led to increased viscous friction parameters and decreased damping time. These changes suggest that the joint’s lubricating ability was potentially compromised by the solvent.
- Finally, the research indicated that this equine pendulum test could provide a useful tool for testing the effectiveness of various bio-lubricant treatments.
Cite This Article
APA
Noble P, Lumay G, Coninx M, Collin B, Magnée A, Lecomte-Beckers J, Denoix JM, Serteyn D.
(2010).
A pendulum test as a tool to evaluate viscous friction parameters in the equine fetlock joint.
Vet J, 188(2), 204-209.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.03.016 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Liège University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B-4000 Liège, Belgium. pnoble@ulg.ac.be
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Cadaver
- Cartilage, Articular / physiology
- Friction
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses / physiology
- Joints / physiology
- Oscillometry / methods
- Oscillometry / veterinary
- Physical Examination / methods
- Physical Examination / veterinary
- Viscosity
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- McCarty CA, Thomason JJ, Gordon KD, Burkhart TA, Milner JS, Holdsworth DW. Finite-Element Analysis of Bone Stresses on Primary Impact in a Large-Animal Model: The Distal End of the Equine Third Metacarpal. PLoS One 2016;11(7):e0159541.
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