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Frontiers in veterinary science2022; 9; 1011905; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1011905

A pilot study to demonstrate the paracrine effect of equine, adult allogenic mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, with a potential for healing of experimentally-created, equine thoracic wounds in vivo.

Abstract: Regenerative biological therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being studied and used extensively in equine veterinary medicine. One of the important properties of MSCs is the cells' reparative effect, which is brought about by paracrine signaling, which results in the release of biologically active molecules, which in turn, can affect cellular migration and proliferation, thus a huge potential in wound healing. The objective of the current study was to demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo potentials of equine allogenic bone marrow-derived MSCs for wound healing. Equine bone marrow-derived MSCs from one allogenic donor horse were used. Equine MSCs were previously characterized for their in vitro proliferation, expression of cluster-of-differentiation markers, and trilineage differentiation. MSCs were first evaluated for their migration using an in vitro wound healing scratch assay, and subsequently, the conditioned medium was evaluated for their effect on human fibroblast proliferation. Subsequently, allogenic cells were intradermally injected into full-thickness, cutaneous thoracic wounds of 4 horses. Wound healing was assessed by using 3-D digital imaging and by measuring mRNA expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers for 30 days. Using human fibroblasts in an in vitro wound healing assay, we demonstrate a significantly higher healing in the presence of conditioned medium collected from proliferating MSCs than in the presence of medium containing fetal bovine serum. The in vitro effect of MSCs did not translate into a detectable effect in vivo. Nonetheless, we proved that molecularly characterized equine allogenic MSCs do not illicit an immunologic response. Investigations using MSCs derived from other sources (adipose tissue, umbilical cord), or a higher number of MSCs or a compromised animal model may be required to prove the efficacy of equine MSCs in wound healing in vivo.
Copyright © 2022 Caruso, Shuttle, Amelse, Elkhenany, Schumacher and Dhar.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-14 PubMed ID: 36452146PubMed Central: PMC9702339DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1011905Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper pertains to a study exploring the use of adult allogenic mesenchymal stem cells from horses to repair thoracic wounds via paracrine signaling. Researchers sought to demonstrate the effectiveness of this type of regenerative therapy both in vitro (observed under controlled lab conditions) and in vivo (observing effects directly on the living organism).

Research Methodology and Objectives

  • The primary goal was to demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo potentials of equine allogenic bone marrow-derived MSCs for wound healing.
  • The scientists used MSCs from the bone marrow of one allogenic donor horse for this pilot study.
  • The chosen equine MSCs had been previously characterized for their proliferation, expression of cluster-of-differentiation markers, and trilineage differentiation.
  • They first conducted an in vitro wound healing scratch assay to evaluate the migration of the MSCs.
  • The researchers then examined the effect of the MSCs’ conditioned medium on human fibroblast proliferation.
  • Afterwards, they injected allogenic cells intradermally into full-thickness, cutaneous thoracic wounds of 4 horses and assessed the wound healing over a period of 30 days by using 3-D digital imaging and measuring mRNA expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers.

Research Findings

  • Findings from the in vitro wound healing assay using human fibroblasts signified a significantly higher rate of healing when using the conditioned medium collected from proliferating MSCs compared to using medium containing fetal bovine serum.
  • However, this in vitro healing effect of MSCs did not translate into a clear and detectable effect in vivo.
  • Despite this, they achieved an important scientific understanding that molecularly characterized, equine allogenic MSCs do not trigger an immunologic response.
  • This research laid groundwork for further exploration using MSCs derived from alternative sources like adipose tissue, umbilical cord or increasing the number of MSCs for possible improved efficacy in wound healing.
  • Consideration for a compromised animal model was suggested as a next step to test and verify the efficacy of equine MSCs in wound healing.

Cite This Article

APA
Caruso M, Shuttle S, Amelse L, Elkhenany H, Schumacher J, Dhar MS. (2022). A pilot study to demonstrate the paracrine effect of equine, adult allogenic mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, with a potential for healing of experimentally-created, equine thoracic wounds in vivo. Front Vet Sci, 9, 1011905. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1011905

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Pages: 1011905

Researcher Affiliations

Caruso, Michael
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Shuttle, Shannon
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Amelse, Lisa
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Elkhenany, Hoda
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
  • Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Schumacher, James
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Dhar, Madhu S
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
  • Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
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