FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Journal of equine science2016; 27(2); 67-76; doi: 10.1294/jes.27.67

A retrospective study of radiographic abnormalities in the repositories of 2-year-old Thoroughbred in-training sales in Japan.

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of radiographic abnormalities of 2-year-old Thoroughbred horses that were listed at in-training sales in Japan, on whether they started to race or not at 2-3 years of age. Radiographs of 850 2-year-old Thoroughbreds in the in-training sales repository from 2007 to 2010 were reviewed, and 26 categories of radiographic abnormalities were found. Forty-three horses (5.1%, 43/850) did not start a race at 2-3 years of age. In accordance with the racing results for this age category, as determined by Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis, none of the radiographic abnormalities were significantly related to failure to start a race. At 2 years of age, 198 horses (23.3%, 198/850) did not start a race. Horses with enlargement of the proximal sesamoid bones in the fore (9 of 19 horses) and hind limbs (5 of 9 horses) did not start a race at the age of 2 years, and fewer of these horses (fore, P=0.021; hind, P=0.030) started a race at the age of 2 years compared with the population of horses without these radiographic abnormalities. These results suggest that identification of radiographic enlargement of the proximal sesamoid bones during training sales could derail the racing debut of horses at the age of 2 years. However, this might not necessarily indicate a poor prognosis and resulting in retirement from racing at 2-3 years of age.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2016-06-21 PubMed ID: 27330400PubMed Central: PMC4914399DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.67Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This is a study investigating the impact of radiographic abnormalities in 2-year-old Thoroughbred horses on their ability to start a race. It posits that certain abnormalities in the bones may influence the start of a race but may not necessarily indicate a poor prognosis leading to early retirement.

Overview of the Study

  • The study scrutinized the radiographs (X-Ray images) of 850 2-year old thoroughbred horses who were listed at in-training sales in Japan from 2007 to 2010.
  • Its aim was to establish if these radiographic abnormalities had any influence on the horses’ ability to start a race at the ages of 2 and 3.
  • A total of 26 categories of radiographic abnormalities were identified in the study.

Findings of the Study

  • The study found that 43 horses, accounting for 5.1% of the total, did not start a race at 2-3 years of age.
  • However, according to the results calculated using Fisher’s exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis, none of these abnormalities were found to be significantly related with not starting a race.
  • The study reported that when they were 2 years of age, 198 horses, or 23.3%, did not start a race.
  • The researchers discovered a correlation between horses not starting a race at the age of 2 and the presence of enlarged proximal sesamoid bones in the fore and hind limbs. Respectively, out of the horses with these abnormalities, 9 out of 19 and 5 out of 9 did not start a race at this age.
  • This presents fewer of these horses starting a race at the age of 2 years compared to those without these abnormalities.

Conclusions of the Study

  • The findings suggest that identifying radiographic enlargement of the proximal sesamoid bones during the training sales process could help predict which horses are less likely to debut in a race at the age of 2 years.
  • However, the researchers also caution that these abnormalities may not necessarily be indicative of a poor prognosis for the horse or result in early retirement from racing at ages 2-3.

Cite This Article

APA
Miyakoshi D, Senba H, Shikichi M, Maeda M, Shibata R, Misumi K. (2016). A retrospective study of radiographic abnormalities in the repositories of 2-year-old Thoroughbred in-training sales in Japan. J Equine Sci, 27(2), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.27.67

Publication

Journal of equine science
ISSN: 1340-3516
NlmUniqueID: 9503751
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 27
Issue: 2
Pages: 67-76

Researcher Affiliations

Miyakoshi, Daisuke
  • Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan.
Senba, Hiroyuki
  • The Japan Bloodhorse Breeders' Association, Hokkaido 056-0144, Japan.
Shikichi, Mitsumori
  • Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan.
Maeda, Masaya
  • Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan.
Shibata, Ryo
  • Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan.
Misumi, Kazuhiro
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.

References

This article includes 14 references
  1. Benjamin M, Toumi H, Ralphs JR, Bydder G, Best TM, Milz S. Where tendons and ligaments meet bone: attachment sites ('entheses') in relation to exercise and/or mechanical load.. J Anat 2006 Apr;208(4):471-90.
    pmc: PMC2100202pubmed: 16637873doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00540.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  2. Butler JA, Colles CM, Dyson SJ, Kold SE, Poulos PW. Foot, pastern and fetlock. 2000. pp. 27–130. In: Clinical Radiology of the Horse, 2nd ed., Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
  3. Carmalt JL, Borg H, Näslund H, Waldner C. Racing performance of Swedish Standardbred trotting horses with proximal palmar/plantar first phalangeal (Birkeland) fragments compared to fragment free controls.. Vet J 2014 Oct;202(1):43-7.
    pubmed: 25163613doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.017google scholar: lookup
  4. Cohen ND, Carter GK, Watkins JP, O’Conor MS. Association of racing performance with specific abnormal radiographic findings in Thoroughbred yearlings sold in Texas. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 2006. 26: 462–474.
  5. Colón JL, Bramlage LR, Hance SR, Embertson RM. Qualitative and quantitative documentation of the racing performance of 461 Thoroughbred racehorses after arthroscopic removal of dorsoproximal first phalanx osteochondral fractures (1986-1995).. Equine Vet J 2000 Nov;32(6):475-81.
    pubmed: 11093620doi: 10.2746/042516400777584640google scholar: lookup
  6. Grøndahl AM, Engeland A. Influence of radiographically detectable orthopedic changes on racing performance in standardbred trotters.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995 Apr 1;206(7):1013-7.
    pubmed: 7768708
  7. Jackson M, Vizard A, Anderson G, Clarke A, Mattoon J, Lavelle R, Lester N, Smithenson T, Whitton C. A prospective study of presale radiographs of Thoroughbred yearlings. Rural IndustriesnResearch and Development Corporation 2009. Publication No 09/082.
  8. Kane AJ, McIlwraith CW, Park RD, Rantanen NW, Morehead JP, Bramlage LR. Radiographic changes in Thoroughbred yearlings. Part 2: Associations with racing performance.. Equine Vet J 2003 Jun;35(4):366-74.
    pubmed: 12880004doi: 10.2746/042516403776014307google scholar: lookup
  9. Kane AJ, Park RD, McIlwraith CW, Rantanen NW, Morehead JP, Bramlage LR. Radiographic changes in Thoroughbred yearlings. Part 1: Prevalence at the time of the yearling sales.. Equine Vet J 2003 Jun;35(4):354-65.
    pubmed: 12880003doi: 10.2746/042516403776014280google scholar: lookup
  10. McIlwraith CW, Vorhees M. Management of osteochondritis dissecans of the dorsal aspect of the distal metacarpus and metatarsus. Proceedings Am. Assoc. Equine Pract. 1990. 35: 547–550.
  11. Meagher DM, Bromberek JL, Meagher DT, Gardner IA, Puchalski SM, Stover SM. Prevalence of abnormal radiographic findings in 2-year-old Thoroughbreds at in-training sales and associations with racing performance.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013 Apr 1;242(7):969-76.
    pubmed: 23517210doi: 10.2460/javma.242.7.969google scholar: lookup
  12. Schnabel LV, Bramlage LR, Mohammed HO, Embertson RM, Ruggles AJ, Hopper SA. Racing performance after arthroscopic removal of apical sesamoid fracture fragments in Thoroughbred horses age > or = 2 years: 84 cases (1989-2002).. Equine Vet J 2006 Sep;38(5):446-51.
    pubmed: 16986606doi: 10.2746/042516406778400655google scholar: lookup
  13. Spike-Pierce DL, Bramlage LR. Correlation of racing performance with radiographic changes in the proximal sesamoid bones of 487 Thoroughbred yearlings.. Equine Vet J 2003 Jun;35(4):350-3.
    pubmed: 12880002doi: 10.2746/042516403776014262google scholar: lookup
  14. Whitton RC, Kannegieter NJ. Osteochondral fragmentation of the plantar/palmar proximal aspect of the proximal phalanx in racing horses.. Aust Vet J 1994 Oct;71(10):318-21.
    pubmed: 7848178doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1994.tb00906.xgoogle scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,850 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.