Active immunisation of horses against tetanus including the booster dose and its application.
Abstract: Successful active immunisation of horses against tetanus is dependent on a number of factors of which the toxoid preparation used, its method of application and the ability of the individual horse to respond are fundamental. Two immunisation schedules using an aluminium-based toxoid preparation were examined and the protection determined by monitoring the level of antitoxin afforded by each schedule. The results obtained demonstrated that 2 doses of this toxoid are necessary to ensure 12 months protection in all horses. These results are discussed in relation to the factors involved in active immunisation against tetanus. Reference is also made to the occurrence of a transient phase of reduced levels of antitoxin following booster doses of toxoid in immunised horses during which it is considered these horses could become more susceptible to tetanus. The effect of a booster dose on immunised horses was examined and while there can be a reduction in the level of antitoxin in some immunised horses following this dose its effect is minimal, short-lived and for all practical purposes can be disregarded. The application of the booster dose in practice is also discussed.
Publication Date: 1981-02-01 PubMed ID: 7259644DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1981.tb00444.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article analyses how active immunisation protects horses against tetanus. It discusses the effectiveness of an aluminium-based toxoid vaccine, advising that two doses should be given for full protection, and briefly notes the temporary vulnerability that can occur post-booster.
Immunisation against Tetanus
- The research focuses on active immunisation of horses against tetanus, a serious bacterial infection. Tetanus toxoid, a weakened form of the toxin, is used to stimulate an immune response in the horse, which then produces antibodies against the toxin.
- Various factors determine the success of the immunisation process, including the type and application method of the toxoid preparation used, and the individual horse’s immune responsiveness.
- The study compares two immunisation schedules using an aluminium-based toxoid preparation.
- Researchers monitored the level of antitoxin – the substance produced by the body in response to the toxoid to fight against the real toxin – to determine the protection level of each schedule.
- Results showed that all horses required two doses of the toxoid for one year of protection against tetanus.
- The article discusses these results in the context of the wider tetanus immunisation process.
- The article mentions a phase of decreased antitoxin levels following the booster dose in immunised horses. During this phase, horses may be temporarily more susceptible to tetanus.
- The study examined the impact of a booster dose on immunised horses and found that while there could be a slight dip in antitoxin levels after the booster, this effect is usually negligible, temporary and can typically be disregarded for practical purposes.
- The application and timing of the booster dose in real-life horse care practices are discussed.
Efficacy of The Aluminium- Based Toxoid Preparation
The Booster Dose
Cite This Article
APA
Liefman CE.
(1981).
Active immunisation of horses against tetanus including the booster dose and its application.
Aust Vet J, 57(2), 57-60.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1981.tb00444.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses / immunology
- Immunization / veterinary
- Immunization, Secondary / veterinary
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Tetanus / prevention & control
- Tetanus / veterinary
- Tetanus Antitoxin / analysis
- Tetanus Toxoid / administration & dosage
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Carnet F, Perrin-Cocon L, Paillot R, Lotteau V, Pronost S, Vidalain PO. An inventory of adjuvants used for vaccination in horses: the past, the present and the future. Vet Res 2023 Mar 2;54(1):18.
- Goyen KA, Wright JD, Cunneen A, Henning J. Playing with fire - What is influencing horse owners' decisions to not vaccinate their horses against deadly Hendra virus infection?. PLoS One 2017;12(6):e0180062.
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