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Adiposity, plasma insulin, leptin, lipids, and oxidative stress in mature light breed horses.
Abstract: Increased blood insulin levels are associated with an increased risk of pasture-associated laminitis in equids. Objective: To determine the relationship between plasma insulin, leptin, and lipid levels, and measures of oxidative stress with adiposity in mature light breed horses. Methods: 300 randomly selected light breed horses, aged 4-20 years. Methods: A random sample of horses (140 mares, 151 geldings, and 9 stallions) was drawn from the VMRCVM Equine Field Service practice client list. Evaluations occurred June 15 - August 15, 2006, with all sampling performed between 0600 and 1200 hours. Concentrate feed was withheld for at least 10 hours before sampling. Plasma was analyzed for insulin, glucose, leptin, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and measures of oxidative stress. Body condition score was determined as the average of 2 independent investigators. Results: Overconditioned and obese horses had higher plasma insulin (P < .001) and leptin (P < .01) levels than optimally conditioned horses. Obese horses had higher triglyceride levels (P = .006) and lower red blood cell gluthathione peroxidase activities (P = .001) than optimally conditioned horses. Conclusions: Maintaining horses at a BCS <7 might be important for decreasing the risk of pasture-associated laminitis.
Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Publication Date: 2013-03-20 PubMed ID: 23517373DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12056Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
Summary
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The research in this article explores the relationship between plasma insulin, leptin, lipid levels, and measures of oxidative stress with obesity in light breed horses. The study found that horses with overconditioning and obesity had higher plasma insulin and leptin levels, with obese horses also showing elevated triglyceride levels. The findings suggest that keeping horses at a body condition score under 7 could reduce the risk of pasture-associated laminitis.
Research Methodology
- The subjects of this study were 300 randomly selected mature light breed horses aged between 4 to 20 years.
- The sample consisted of different genders of horses including 140 mares, 151 geldings, and 9 stallions. The selection was made from the VMRCVM Equine Field Service practice client list.
- The study evaluations were carried out from June 15 – August 15, 2006. All sampling happened within a specific time frame between 0600 and 1200 hours to control for any variations that could be introduced by different times of the day.
- All concentrate feed was withheld from the horses for at least 10 hours before the sampling process. This ensured that the immediate diet of the horses did not affect the study results.
- Plasma samples were taken and analyzed to measure levels of insulin, glucose, leptin, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and measures of oxidative stress.
- The researchers used the average body condition score of two independent investigators to determine the adiposity levels in the horses.
Findings of the Research
- Horses that were overconditioned and obese had higher plasma insulin and leptin levels than those that were optimally conditioned. The p-values of these differences were significantly less than 0.001 and 0.01, respectively, indicating a strong statistical significance.
- The study also found that obese horses had elevated triglyceride levels with a p-value of 0.006, suggesting again a high level of statistical significance.
- Furthermore, obese horses exhibited lower red blood cell glutathione peroxidase activities compared to optimally conditioned horses, with a p-value of 0.001, which is statistically highly significant.
Conclusion
- The research concluded that maintaining horses at a body condition score of less than 7 could be crucial in reducing the risk of pasture-associated laminitis. Laminitis is a painful and potentially crippling disease that can affect horses, often resulting from obesity and high insulin levels.
- The study provides meaningful insights into the links between plasma insulin and leptin levels, lipid levels, oxidative stress measures, and obesity in mature light breed horses, demonstrating the importance of proper weight management in these equines.
Cite This Article
APA
Pleasant RS, Suagee JK, Thatcher CD, Elvinger F, Geor RJ.
(2013).
Adiposity, plasma insulin, leptin, lipids, and oxidative stress in mature light breed horses.
J Vet Intern Med, 27(3), 576-582.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12056 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. rpleasan@vt.edu
MeSH Terms
- Adiposity / physiology
- Animals
- Body Composition
- Female
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses / physiology
- Insulin / blood
- Leptin / blood
- Leptin / metabolism
- Lipid Metabolism
- Lipids / blood
- Male
- Obesity / blood
- Obesity / metabolism
- Obesity / veterinary
- Oxidative Stress / physiology
Citations
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