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Vaccine2002; 20(11-12); 1609-1617; doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00485-6

Alphavirus replicon particles expressing the two major envelope proteins of equine arteritis virus induce high level protection against challenge with virulent virus in vaccinated horses.

Abstract: Replicon particles derived from a vaccine strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus were used as vectors for expression in vivo of the major envelope proteins (G(L) and M) of equine arteritis virus (EAV), both individually and in heterodimer form (G(L)/M). The immunogenicity of the different replicons was evaluated in horses, as was their ability to protectively immunize horses against intranasal and intrauterine challenge with a virulent strain of EAV (EAV KY84). Horses immunized with replicons that express both the G(L) and M proteins in heterodimer form developed neutralizing antibodies to EAV, shed little or no virus, and developed only mild or inapparent signs of equine viral arteritis (EVA) after challenge with EAV KY84. In contrast, unvaccinated horses and those immunized with replicons expressing individual EAV envelope proteins (M or G(L)) shed virus for 6-10 days in their nasal secretions and developed severe signs of EVA after challenge. These data confirm that replicons that co-express the G(L) and M envelope proteins effectively, induce EAV neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity in horses.
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Publication Date: 2002-02-23 PubMed ID: 11858869DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00485-6Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research studies the effectiveness of vaccine constructs, derived from a strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus, in providing horses immunity from equine arteritis virus (EAV). The study underscores that vaccines that express a heterodimer of the major envelope proteins of EAV are effective in inducing immunity and prevent significant disease symptoms following exposure to virulent strains of the virus.

Study Overview

  • The research focused on the development of a novel vaccine approach by using replicon particles derived from a vaccine strain of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus.
  • The concept was to use these particles as vectors to express the major envelope proteins of the equine arteritis virus (EAV).

Experimentation and Results

  • The envelope proteins, G(L) and M proteins of EAV, were expressed both individually and in conjunction (heterodimer form).
  • The immunogenicity or ability to provoke an immune response of these different constructs was then tested in horses.
  • Also evaluated was the potential of these constructs to protectively immunize horses when they were challenged with a virulent strain of EAV (EAV KY84) either intranasally or intrauterine.
  • It was observed that horses which were immunized with replicons expressing both G(L) and M proteins together developed neutralizing antibodies against EAV.
  • Also, these vaccinated horses shed significantly less virus and experienced minor or no signs of equine viral arteritis (EVA), which is the disease caused by EAV.

Comparative Study

  • For comparisons, horses that were either not vaccinated at all or were immunized with replicons expressing either M or G(L) proteins individually were also studied.
  • These horses shed virus for 6-10 days in their nasal secretions post challenge with a virulent strain of EAV and displayed severe signs of equine viral arteritis.
  • Such findings solidify the evidence that co-expression of G(L) and M proteins is the key to inducing effective immunity.

Conclusion

  • This study confirms that replicons co-expressing the G(L) and M envelope proteins are effective in inducing EAV-neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity in horses.
  • The potential for severe symptoms of the disease can also be significantly reduced.

Cite This Article

APA
Balasuriya UB, Heidner HW, Davis NL, Wagner HM, Hullinger PJ, Hedges JF, Williams JC, Johnston RE, David Wilson W, Liu IK, James MacLachlan N. (2002). Alphavirus replicon particles expressing the two major envelope proteins of equine arteritis virus induce high level protection against challenge with virulent virus in vaccinated horses. Vaccine, 20(11-12), 1609-1617. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00485-6

Publication

Vaccine
ISSN: 0264-410X
NlmUniqueID: 8406899
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 20
Issue: 11-12
Pages: 1609-1617

Researcher Affiliations

Balasuriya, Udeni B R
  • Bernard and Gloria Salick Equine Viral Disease Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, One Shields Ave., University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ubbalasuriya@ucdavis.edu
Heidner, Hans W
    Davis, Nancy L
      Wagner, Heike M
        Hullinger, Pamela J
          Hedges, Jodi F
            Williams, Jacqueline C
              Johnston, Robert E
                David Wilson, W
                  Liu, Irwin K
                    James MacLachlan, N

                      MeSH Terms

                      • Animals
                      • Arterivirus Infections / immunology
                      • Arterivirus Infections / prevention & control
                      • Arterivirus Infections / veterinary
                      • Cattle
                      • Cell Line
                      • Cricetinae
                      • Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / genetics
                      • Equartevirus / genetics
                      • Equartevirus / immunology
                      • Equartevirus / pathogenicity
                      • Female
                      • Genetic Vectors
                      • Horse Diseases / immunology
                      • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
                      • Horses
                      • Male
                      • Replicon
                      • Vaccination / veterinary
                      • Vaccines, DNA / genetics
                      • Vaccines, DNA / pharmacology
                      • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
                      • Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
                      • Viral Vaccines / genetics
                      • Viral Vaccines / pharmacology
                      • Virulence

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