An Epidemiological Study on Orodental Disorders in 3,791 Working Donkeys in Egypt: Prevalence and Risk Factors.
Abstract: Orodental disorders are common in equidae and can lead to serious clinical complications. This study determines the prevalence rate (PR) of orodental disorders in working donkeys in Egypt and their potential risk factors. During 4 years, 3,791 donkeys were examined in six Egyptian governorates. Full case history and thorough clinical and oral examinations were performed. Radiography and oroendoscopy were undertaken whenever possible. All data were statistically analyzed using Poisson generalized linear models to compare PR among governorates, sex, years, body condition score, and age groups and to determine the potential risk factors. Of 3,791 examined donkeys, 954 donkeys (25.17%) had orodental disorders. The PRs of acquired disorders were 9.81% sharp enamel points, 5.86% buccal ulcers, 4.88% hook, 4.70% overgrown teeth, 4.19% periodontal disease, 3.11% ramp, 2.60% dental caries, 2.37% dental calculus, 2.30% diastema, 2.06% step mouth, 2.00% soft tissue injuries other than buccal ulcers, 1.77% worn tooth, 1.37% loose tooth, 1.29% exaggerated transverse ridge, 1.24% fractured teeth, 0.82% missing teeth, 0.69% wave mouth, 0.50% molar table angle change, and 0.45% wolf tooth overgrowth. The PRs of the congenital disorders were 1.90% displaced teeth, 1.37% deviated teeth, 0.58% retained teeth, 0.16% overbite, 0.16% underbite, 0.11% supernumerary teeth, and 0.11% premolar cap. The risk factors significantly associated (P < .05) with the orodental disorders were age and sex of the animal, geographic location, and year of examination. This study provides a database for future studies on orodental disorders and for designing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for these disorders in donkeys.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2020-10-08 PubMed ID: 33276917DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103274Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article presents a study concerning the prevalence and risk factors of orodental disorders in working donkeys in Egypt. The report indicates that over a four-year study period, approximately 25% of the nearly 3,800 studied donkeys presented with some form of orodental disorder. The findings also show associations between the likelihood of these orodental conditions and factors such as the animals’ age and sex, their geographic location, and the year of examination.
Methods and Procedures
- The researchers examined 3,791 donkeys across six governorates in Egypt over a period of four years.
- Comprehensive clinical and oral examinations were conducted, while radiography and oroendoscopy were utilised when possible. Varying orodental disorders were identified and recorded.
- Poisson generalized linear models were used in statistical analysis to compare prevalence rates among different categories such as governorates, sex, years, body condition scores, and age groups. This also facilitated the identification of potential risk factors.
Findings of the Study
- Out of the total number of examined donkeys, 954 (25.17%) were found to have one form of orodental disorder or another.
- The most prevalent acquired disorders were sharp enamel points (9.81%), buccal ulcers (5.86%), hooks (4.88%), overgrown teeth (4.70%), and periodontal disease (4.19%).
- Displaced teeth (1.90%) and deviated teeth (1.37%) were the most observed congenital disorders, while other conditions like overbite, underbite, supernumerary teeth, and premolar cap had a prevalence rate of less than 1%.
- Risk factors significantly linked with orodental disorders included the donkey’s age and sex, the geographic location, and the year of the examination.
Implications of the Study
- The findings of this research serve as a substantial data source for future studies into orodental disorders in donkeys.
- The research data can also help in the creation of strategic plans for the efficient prevention and treatment of these disorders in at-risk equidae.
Cite This Article
APA
Serag RM, Abu-Seida AM, Abdelrahman HA, Samir A, Ibrahim IM, AbdElkader NA.
(2020).
An Epidemiological Study on Orodental Disorders in 3,791 Working Donkeys in Egypt: Prevalence and Risk Factors.
J Equine Vet Sci, 95, 103274.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103274 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Electronic address: ashrafseida@yahoo.com.
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Dental Caries / veterinary
- Egypt / epidemiology
- Epidemiologic Studies
- Equidae
- Prevalence
- Risk Factors
Citations
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