An outbreak of trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi on the island of Madura, Indonesia.

The research paper discusses the investigation and management of an outbreak of trypanosomiasis, a disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma evansi, among livestock on the Indonesian island of Madura.

Study Background

• The authors of the study conducted their research during an outbreak of trypanosomiasis affecting cattle, buffalo, and horses on the island of Madura in Indonesia.
• Trypanosomiasis is a disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma evansi, which can cause severe health problems in these animals.

Study Methodology

• The research involved conducting a survey to determine the prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in the region.
• Blood samples were collected from a total of 130 cattle and 147 buffalo across five villages.
• The collected blood samples were then examined for the presence of trypanosomes using a method called the microhaematocrit (MHCT) procedure.
• In addition to the MHCT, serum samples were subjected to an enzyme linked immuno absorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of T. evansi antibodies, indicating exposure to the parasite.

Study Findings

• According to the MHCT results, Trypanosoma evansi was detected in 50% of the examined buffalos and 13% of the cattle.
• Furthermore, the ELISA results showed that antibodies were found in 47% of the buffalo and 30% of the cattle, meaning these animals had been exposed to the parasite.

Outbreak Management

• The researchers managed to get the outbreak under control by administering Nagano (also known as Suramin, produced by Bayer) to infected animals and those considered at risk.
• This medication is known to effectively treat trypanosomiasis and thus was crucial for managing the outbreak.