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Frontiers in veterinary science2024; 11; 1505398; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1505398

Analgesic efficacy of tapentadol in chronic joint disorders in horses: plasma serotonin concentration and adrenocortical response as biomarkers of pain-induced stress.

Abstract: The study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of tapentadol in horses, by determining plasma serotonin concentration and adrenocortical response, as biomarkers of pain stress in chronic joint disorders. Thirty-six horses (20 females and 16 males) were divided into three groups of 12 subjects each: group A, osteoarthritis (OA), grade 3-4 lameness; group B, OA, grade 5 lameness; and group C, no OA, no lameness, were enrolled. The orthopedic examination included flexion tests, and radiological and ultrasound examinations. The degree of lameness has been estimated from 0 to 5 according to the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEPs). Heart and respiratory rates (HR and RR) and blood pressure were recorded. Serotonin concentration and circulating cortisol levels were determined at baseline and the end of every week for 4 weeks. Biochemical parameters were recorded at baseline and the end of treatment with tapentadol. Subjects with OA were treated with tapentadol 0.5 mg kg-1. The response to painful stimulus on flexion tests was evaluated using the modified numeric pain rating scale (modified NRS 0-7) from baseline and the cumulative pain score (CPS 0-4) after the first week of treatment with tapentadol. The lameness decreased throughout the timeline in both groups (score from 3-4 to 1 in group A and score from 5 to 1 in group B) (p < 0.05). The NRS score decreased throughout the timeline (p < 0.05), from mild pain to no pain in group A (score 1-3 to 0) and from moderate pain to no pain in group B (score from 4 to 0). Physiological variables remained within the physiological range throughout the timeline. Cumulative pain scores ranged from 0.5 to 4 in group A and 1.5 to 7 in group B (p = 0.008). Serotonin concentrations remained unchanged throughout the timeline in all groups (p = 1.000) but in the OA groups, the concentrations were lower than control (p < 0.001). Circulating cortisol levels were reduced compared to baseline in subjects treated with tapentadol (p < 0.001). Tapentadol is effective in OA pain management in horses. Serotonin and cortisol may be utilized as biomarkers in the pain stress response. Serotonin can also determine the state of wellbeing of patients.
Copyright © 2024 Costa, Tabbì, Bruschetta, Spadola, Leonardi, Bruno, Iannelli, Licata, Macrì, Passino, Macrì and Interlandi.
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Publication Date: 2024-12-17 PubMed ID: 39742317PubMed Central: PMC11686550DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1505398Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article studies the impact of a drug called tapentadol on horses with chronic joint disorders, by measuring its analgesic (pain-relieving) effectiveness through levels of plasma serotonin and adrenocortical response.

Study Design and Methodology

  • The study involved 36 horses, including both males and females. These horses were divided into three groups: group A had osteoarthritis and lameness of grade 3-4, group B had osteoarthritis and grade 5 lameness, and group C was the control group with no osteoarthritis or lameness.
  • All of the horses underwent an orthopedic examination which involved flexion tests as well as radiological and ultrasound examinations.
  • Lameness in the horses was graded on a scale from 0 to 5 based on guidelines from the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEPs).
  • Physiological parameters such as heart and respiratory rates and blood pressure were recorded, along with serotonin concentration and cortisol levels at baseline and then every week for 4 weeks.
  • Horses with osteoarthritis were treated with 0.5 mg kg of tapentadol.

Findings of the Study

  • The degree of lameness shown by the horses decreased over the study period in both group A and group B. Scores moved from 3-4 to 1 in group A and from 5 to 1 in group B, indicating significant improvement.
  • The NRS (numeric pain rating scale) scores also showed improvement, with pain going from mild to none in group A and moderate to none in group B.
  • Physiological variables such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure remained within normal ranges throughout the study period.
  • Interestingly, serotonin concentrations remained unchanged through the timeline for all groups, but were lower in the osteoarthritis (OA) groups compared to the control group.
  • Cortisol levels, on the other hand, were reduced compared to baseline levels in the subjects treated with tapentadol.

Significance of the Research

  • The research showed that tapentadol was effective in managing pain due to osteoarthritis in horses.
  • Another important contribution of this research is the indication that serotonin and cortisol can be used as biomarkers for pain stress response.
  • This means that they could potentially be used to assess the well-being of patients and measure the effectiveness of pain management strategies.

Cite This Article

APA
Costa GL, Tabbì M, Bruschetta G, Spadola F, Leonardi F, Bruno F, Iannelli NM, Licata P, Macrì F, Passino ES, Macrì D, Interlandi C. (2024). Analgesic efficacy of tapentadol in chronic joint disorders in horses: plasma serotonin concentration and adrenocortical response as biomarkers of pain-induced stress. Front Vet Sci, 11, 1505398. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1505398

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Pages: 1505398

Researcher Affiliations

Costa, Giovanna Lucrezia
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Tabbì, Marco
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Bruschetta, Giuseppe
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Spadola, Filippo
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Leonardi, Fabio
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Bruno, Fabio
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Iannelli, Nicola Maria
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Licata, Patrizia
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Macrì, Francesco
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Passino, Eraldo Sanna
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Macrì, Daniele
  • Zooprophylactic Institute, Palermo, Italy.
Interlandi, Claudia
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Citations

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