[Anatomy of the fetlock joint in horses by means of joint casts].

The article explores the detailed anatomy of the fetlock joint in horses, highlighting its unique structure through the use of joint casts.

Overview of the Equine Fetlock Joint Cavity

• The research introduces the equine fetlock joint cavity, noting its composition of ten specific pouches. Each pouch has a unique orientation and structure that contributes to the overall complexity of the joint.
• The study specifically highlights the dorsal recess, which is oriented to the proximal side and is separated from the other three distally directed pouches by capsular folds.

The Role of Capsular Folds

• The study emphasizes the role and structure of several capsular folds within the joint. Their existence and structure are illustrated through sagittal sections of the fetlock joint.
• There’s a particular mention of a medial/lateral recess that the deep part of the collateral ligament of the fetlock joint covers.

The Connection between Collateral Ligaments and the Joint Capsule

• The article delves into the role of collateral ligaments and points out the strong connection they have with the fetlock joint capsule.
• The collateral ligaments and sesamoidean collateral ligaments are intertwined with the joint capsule. Two specific capsular folds have been identified from this connection leading to the unique structure and function of the joint.

Other Aspects of the Fetlock Joint

• The study discusses other parts of the joint including the sesamoidean collateral ligament that insert into the metacarpus/metatarsus, and proximal phalanx, and the fetlock joint cavity pouches known as Recessus palmaris/plantaris distalis medialis/lateralis.
• The paper further highlights the palmar/plantar distal pouch located in the median line, which is covered by the Ligamentum sesamoideum rectum. The recess is narrowed down by the cruciated sesamoidean ligaments, bringing more unique features to the joint.
• Finally, the dominant palmar/plantar proximal recess mentioned in the study is divided into smaller pouches by strings or bands of the joint capsule. Such structure could be observed even with an unaided eye.