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Home / Equine Research Bank / Curr Pharm Des / Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Wounds.
Current pharmaceutical design2015; 21(29); 4329-4341; doi: 10.2174/1381612821666150901104601

Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Wounds.

Abstract: The treatment of skin wounds represents an important research area due to the important physiological and aesthetic role of this tissue. During the last years, nanoparticles have emerged as important platforms to treat skin wounds. Silver, gold, and copper nanoparticles, as well as titanium and zinc oxide nanoparticles, have shown potential therapeutic effects on wound healing. Due to their specific characteristics, nanoparticles such as nanocapsules, polymersomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and polymeric nanocomplexes are ideal vehicles to improve the effect of drugs (antibiotics, growth factors, etc.) aimed at wound healing. On the other hand, if active excipients are added during the formulation, such as hyaluronate or chitosan, the nanomedicine could significantly improve its potential. In addition, the inclusion of nanoparticles in different pharmaceutical materials may enhance the beneficial effects of the formulations, and allow achieving a better dose control. This paper aims at reviewing significant findings in the area of nanoparticles and wound treatment. Among the reviewed topics, we underline formulations comprising inorganic, polymeric, surfactant self-assembled, and lipid nanosystems. Among the drugs included in the nanoformulations, the paper refers to antibiotics, natural extracts, proteins, and growth factors, among others. Finally, the paper also addresses nanoparticles embedded in secondary vehicles (fibers, dressings, hydrogels, etc.) that could improve their application and/or upgrade the release profile of the active.
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Publication Date: 2015-09-02 PubMed ID: 26323420DOI: 10.2174/1381612821666150901104601Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on the role of antibiotics in wound treatment. It highlights the factors to consider when selecting an antibiotic, such as the sensitivity of the pathogen, and discusses the ideal conditions for antibiotic use, along with the factors influencing antibiotic effectiveness in the wound site.

Factors for Antibiotic Selection

  • Antibiotics are chosen based on their sensitivity to the pathogen, their distribution to the infection site, bacteriostatic or bactericidal action under the existing tissue conditions, safety, and cost.
  • An antibiotic’s sensitivity does not guarantee success because the terms “sensitive” and “resistant” are relative, relying on achievable blood levels of antimicrobial agents.
  • The principle of ‘sensitivity’ means that bacterial growth can be inhibited when an adequate dose of the drug is given at appropriate intervals.

Antibiotic Distribution

  • The drug distribution, and consequently, the level achieved at the wound site, depends on several factors, including molecular size, protein binding, and lipid solubility.
  • Most bacterial infections occur in the extracellular fluid space, and since specific tissue concentrations usually aren’t known, serum concentrations are taken as representations of these levels.
  • The antibiotic concentration in the blood is analogous to the concentration at the infection site because simple passive diffusion is the primary method of transport for most antibiotics.

Factors Influencing Antibiotic Efficiency

  • The antibiotic activity after reaching the wound site is influenced by environmental conditions.
  • Local enzyme production, purulent and fibrinous exudate, and changes in pH can negatively affect the drug action.
  • Knowing the etiologic agents proves to be key in the rational use of the antimicrobial drugs given the unpredictability of these variables.
  • Initial antimicrobial therapy is based on a reasonable suspicion driven by clinical signs and knowledge of likely pathogens.
  • Broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy is often needed initially because wound infections can involve both aerobic and anaerobic organisms, the antibiotic sensitivity of which is unpredictable.

Cite This Article

APA
Oyarzun-Ampuero F, Vidal A, Concha M, Morales J, Orellana S, Moreno-Villoslada I. (2015). Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Wounds. Curr Pharm Des, 21(29), 4329-4341. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612821666150901104601

Publication

Current pharmaceutical design
ISSN: 1873-4286
NlmUniqueID: 9602487
Country: United Arab Emirates
Language: English
Volume: 21
Issue: 29
Pages: 4329-4341

Researcher Affiliations

Oyarzun-Ampuero, Felipe
  • Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. foyarzuna@ciq.uchile.cl.
Vidal, Alejandra
    Concha, Miguel
      Morales, Javier
        Orellana, Sandra
          Moreno-Villoslada, Ignacio
          • Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile. imorenovilloslada@uach.cl.

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
          • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
          • Drug Delivery Systems / methods
          • Humans
          • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / administration & dosage
          • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / therapeutic use
          • Metal Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
          • Metal Nanoparticles / therapeutic use
          • Skin / drug effects
          • Skin / injuries
          • Wound Healing / drug effects
          • Wounds and Injuries / drug therapy

          Citations

          This article has been cited 26 times.
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