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Vaccine1999; 17(18); 2245-2258; doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00496-4

Antibody responses to DNA vaccination of horses using the influenza virus hemagglutinin gene.

Abstract: Equine influenza virus infection remains one of the most important infectious diseases of the horse, yet current vaccines offer only limited protection. The equine immune response to natural influenza virus infection results in long-term protective immunity, and is characterized by mucosal IgA and serum IgGa and IgGb antibody responses. DNA vaccination offers a radical alternative to conventional vaccines, with the potential to generate the same protective immune responses seen following viral infection. Antigen-specific antibody isotype responses in serum and mucosal secretions were studied in ponies following particle-mediated delivery of hemagglutinin (HA)-DNA vaccination on three occasions at approximately 63-day intervals. One group of four ponies were vaccinated at skin and mucosal sites and the another group were vaccinated at skin sites only. All ponies were subjected to a challenge infection 30 days after the third vaccination. Skin and mucosal vaccination provided complete protection from clinical signs of infection, while skin vaccination provided partial protection; DNA vaccination provided partial protection from viral shedding. DNA vaccination generated only IgGa and IgGb antibody responses, which occurred with a higher frequency in the skin and mucosa vaccinated ponies. No mucosal IgA response was generated prior to challenge infection and IgA responses were only detected in those ponies which shed virus postchallenge. These results demonstrate that HA-DNA vaccination induces IgG(a) and IgG(b) antibody responses which are associated with protection in the absence of mucosal IgA responses. In addition, additional DNA vaccinations of mucosal sites increased protection and the frequency of seroconversion in ponies.
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Publication Date: 1999-07-14 PubMed ID: 10403592DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00496-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research presents an alternative approach to equine flu vaccination using DNA vaccination, which was observed to have a potential for complete protection against the viral infection. This study focuses on the immune response in horses, particularly the antibody responses after repeated DNA vaccinations.

Objective of the research

  • The primary objective of the research was to explore the efficiency of DNA vaccination as an alternative to the conventional vaccines for equine influenza virus in horses.
  • The study aims to understand how the horse’s immune system responds to DNA vaccination against influenza, specifically the generation of IgG(a) and IgG(b) antibodies. It also aimed to check if additional vaccinations increased the protection level and the frequency of seroconversion in horses.

Methods & Procedure

  • The study involved administering the hemagglutinin (HA)-DNA vaccine to ponies at regular intervals of approximately 63 days. The vaccine was delivered through particle-mediated delivery in two formats: skin-only sites and skin plus mucosal sites in two different groups of four ponies each.
  • All ponies were then exposed to the influenza virus infection 30 days after their third vaccination to challenge their immune response.

Findings & Observations

  • It was observed that the ponies that received the vaccine at both the skin and mucosal sites witnessed complete protection from clinical symptoms of the infection. Those that received the vaccine through skin sites showed partial protection.
  • The vaccine provided partial protection against viral shredding and was able to generate an immune response of IgGa and IgGb antibody types.
  • However, no mucosal IgA immune response was observed prior to the challenge infection. IgA responses were only detected in ponies that shed the virus post-infection.

Conclusion

  • The results from this study show that HA-DNA vaccination could induce IgG(a) and IgG(b) antibody responses, which are associated with protection despite the absence of mucosal IgA responses.
  • The study also indicated that additional DNA vaccinations on mucosal sites could increase protection and the frequency of seroconversion in ponies, paving a path for further research in this direction for enhanced protection against equine influenza.

Cite This Article

APA
Lunn DP, Soboll G, Schram BR, Quass J, McGregor MW, Drape RJ, Macklin MD, McCabe DE, Swain WF, Olsen CW. (1999). Antibody responses to DNA vaccination of horses using the influenza virus hemagglutinin gene. Vaccine, 17(18), 2245-2258. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00496-4

Publication

Vaccine
ISSN: 0264-410X
NlmUniqueID: 8406899
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 17
Issue: 18
Pages: 2245-2258

Researcher Affiliations

Lunn, D P
  • Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA. lunnp@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu
Soboll, G
    Schram, B R
      Quass, J
        McGregor, M W
          Drape, R J
            Macklin, M D
              McCabe, D E
                Swain, W F
                  Olsen, C W

                    MeSH Terms

                    • Animals
                    • Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
                    • Female
                    • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / genetics
                    • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / immunology
                    • Horse Diseases / immunology
                    • Horse Diseases / virology
                    • Horses
                    • Influenza A virus / chemistry
                    • Influenza A virus / immunology
                    • Influenza A virus / isolation & purification
                    • Influenza Vaccines / genetics
                    • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
                    • Male
                    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
                    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
                    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
                    • Vaccines, DNA / immunology

                    Citations

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