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Home / Equine Research Bank / Virology / Antigenic variation and lentivirus persistence: variations i...
Virology1987; 161(2); 321-331; doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90124-3

Antigenic variation and lentivirus persistence: variations in envelope gene sequences during EIAV infection resemble changes reported for sequential isolates of HIV.

Abstract: The extent and nature of genomic variation among nine antigenically distinct EIAV isolates recovered during sequential clinical episodes from two experimentally infected ponies were examined by restriction fragment analysis and nucleotide sequencing. Only minor variations in restriction enzyme patterns were observed among the viral genomes. In contrast, env gene sequences of four isolates from one pony revealed numerous clustered base substitutions. Divergence in env gene nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences between pairs of virus isolates ranged from 0.62 to 3.4% env gene mutation rates for isolates recovered during sequential febrile episodes were calculated to be greater than 10(-2) base substitutions per site per year. The degree and nature of env gene variation in EIAV is remarkably similar to the human immunodeficiency virus, suggesting common mechanisms for env gene variation among lentiviruses.
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Publication Date: 1987-12-01 PubMed ID: 2825406DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90124-3Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the genetic variation of a lentivirus called Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) during infection. The results suggest that this variation, specifically in the envelope gene (env), is similar in nature and scale to the variation seen in HIV, implying a common mechanism for envelope gene change.

Research Methodology and Findings

  • The researchers studied the genomic variation in nine different EIAV isolates. These isolates were recovered from two ponies that were experimentally infected, with each pony experiencing different clinical episodes.
  • The extent and nature of genome variance were examined using restriction fragment analysis and nucleotide sequencing. The former technique is used for examining the length of DNA fragments, and the latter to determine the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA.
  • The study discovered only minor changes in the restriction enzyme patterns among the nine isolates, suggesting little genomic variance.
  • However, by contrast, the env gene sequences of four isolates from a single pony displayed many closely grouped base substitutions. Base substitution is a type of mutation involving replacement of the DNA base with another.
  • The divergence in the env gene nucleotide sequences and the associated, inferred amino acid sequences between pairs of virus isolates varied from 0.62 to 3.4%.
  • The researchers calculated the env gene mutation rates for the isolates recovered during sequential feverish occurrences. The results indicated the rate of greater than 10(-2) base substitutions per site per year.

Comparison with HIV and Conclusions

  • The results revealed that the degree and nature of the env gene variation in the EIAV were strikingly similar to those observed in HIV.
  • This likeness hints at a common mechanism for envelope gene variation among lentiviruses, a group of viruses including HIV and EIAV.
  • These findings contribute to our understanding of how lentiviruses evolve and persist during infection, a research area pivotal for disease treatment and eventual eradication efforts.

Cite This Article

APA
Payne SL, Fang FD, Liu CP, Dhruva BR, Rwambo P, Issel CJ, Montelaro RC. (1987). Antigenic variation and lentivirus persistence: variations in envelope gene sequences during EIAV infection resemble changes reported for sequential isolates of HIV. Virology, 161(2), 321-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(87)90124-3

Publication

Virology
ISSN: 0042-6822
NlmUniqueID: 0110674
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 161
Issue: 2
Pages: 321-331

Researcher Affiliations

Payne, S L
  • Department of Biochemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803.
Fang, F D
    Liu, C P
      Dhruva, B R
        Rwambo, P
          Issel, C J
            Montelaro, R C

              MeSH Terms

              • Amino Acid Sequence
              • Animals
              • Antigenic Variation
              • Antigens, Viral / genetics
              • Base Sequence
              • DNA Restriction Enzymes
              • Genes, Viral
              • Genetic Variation
              • HIV / genetics
              • Horse Diseases / microbiology
              • Horses / microbiology
              • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
              • Molecular Sequence Data
              • Time Factors
              • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics

              Grant Funding

              • CA-38851 / NCI NIH HHS

              Citations

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