Antimicrobial dosing for common equine drugs: a content review and practical advice for veterinarians in Australia.
Abstract: Appropriate dosing with antimicrobial agents is critical for effective treatment and to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance. Methods: A review was undertaken of equine journal articles (Equine Veterinary Journal, Equine Veterinary Education, Australian Veterinary Journal, Australian Equine Veterinarian, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Journal of Equine Veterinary Science) between January 2015 and August 2018. Those with dosing regimens for procaine penicillin G, gentamicin or trimethoprim-sulfonamide in adult horses were examined and evaluated. Pharmacokinetics and -dynamics of these drugs were also reviewed. Conclusions: The most frequently reported doses for penicillin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfonamide were 20-25,000 IU/kg, 6.6 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively. Veterinarians treating equine patients in Australia should be aware of the current recommended doses and inter-dosing intervals to ensure efficacy in therapy and to preserve the usefulness of these antimicrobials for the future.
© 2019 Australian Veterinary Association.
Publication Date: 2019-03-29 PubMed ID: 30919436DOI: 10.1111/avj.12791Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Review
Summary
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The research article is about the review and evaluation of antimicrobial dosing procedures for common drugs used in equine treatment in Australia, aimed at promoting effective treatment and preventing antimicrobial resistance.
Methods and Materials
- A comprehensive review of various equine journal articles was conducted. The journals included Equine Veterinary Journal, Equine Veterinary Education, Australian Veterinary Journal, Australian Equine Veterinarian, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Journal of Equine Veterinary Science.
- This review spanned literature published from January 2015 to August 2018. The review targeted articles with dosing regimens for procaine penicillin G, gentamicin, or trimethoprim-sulfonamide in adult horses.
- Along with these specific regimens, the pharmacokinetics (the study of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body) and pharmacodynamics (the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of a drug) of these drugs were also reviewed.
Key Findings
- The researchers found that the most frequently recommended doses for procaine penicillin G, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulfonamide were 20-25,000 IU/kg, 6.6 mg/kg, and 30 mg/kg, respectively.
- It was stressed that veterinarians treating equine patients in Australia should be well versed in the current recommended doses and the intervals between doses. This knowledge is crucial to ensure the efficacy of therapy and to preserve the utility of these antimicrobials for future use.
Implications
- As the appropriate dosing with antimicrobial agents is crucial for an effective treatment and for the prevention of the development of antimicrobial resistance, the outcome of this study serves as a valuable reference for veterinary practitioners.
- The findings of this study could contribute to more effective equine treatment and could help in the prevention of antimicrobial resistance in the veterinary field, particularly in Australia.
Cite This Article
APA
Hardefeldt LY, Crabb HK, Bailey KE, Gilkerson JR, Billman-Jacobe H, Browning GF.
(2019).
Antimicrobial dosing for common equine drugs: a content review and practical advice for veterinarians in Australia.
Aust Vet J, 97(4), 103-107.
https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.12791 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne & National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne & National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne & National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne & National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne & National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne & National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
- Australia
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Veterinary Medicine / standards
Grant Funding
- 1079625 / National Health and Medical Research Council
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Tyrnenopoulou P, Fthenakis GC. Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023 Mar 28;12(4).
- Thursky KA, Hardefeldt LY, Rajkhowa A, Ierano C, Bishop J, Hawes L, Biezen R, Saha SK, Dowson L, Bailey KE, Scarborough R, Little SB, Gotterson F, Hur B, Khanina A, Urbancic K, Crabb HK, Richards S, Sri A, James R, Kong DCM, Marshall C, Mazza D, Peel T, Stuart RL, Manski-Nankervis JA, Friedman ND, Bennett N, Schulz T, Billman-Jacobe H, Buono E, Worth L, Bull A, Richards M, Ayton D, Gilkerson JR, Browning GF, Buising KL. Antimicrobial stewardship in Australia: the role of qualitative research in programme development.. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2021 Dec;3(4):dlab166.
- Redpath A, Hallowell GD, Bowen IM. Use of aminoglycoside antibiotics in equine clinical practice; a questionnaire-based study of current use.. Vet Med Sci 2021 Mar;7(2):279-288.
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